Arash Saeedi; Marziye Balali; Shahab Parvinpour; Negar arazeshi
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of Purposeful challenging games on motor proficiency in children with developmental coordination disorder. The current research is semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population of the present study included ...
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The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of Purposeful challenging games on motor proficiency in children with developmental coordination disorder. The current research is semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population of the present study included children with developmental coordination disorder in Karaj with an age range of 8-9 years. For this purpose, a number of 45 people were selected by available and targeted sampling method and after obtaining written consent, they were randomly assigned to one of the two groups of challenging and non-challenging games. The tools used in this research were the Persian version of the DCD questionnaire, the MABC test and the TGMD-3 test. The implementation method was as follows: first, the TGMD-3 pre-test was taken from the subjects, then the research intervention was conducted in a challenging and non-challenging manner for a period of 10 weeks, 2 times a week and 45 minutes. After completing the intervention, the TGMD-3 post-test was taken from the subjects again. The data was analyzed using the statistical method of analysis of covariance. The results of this research showed that there was a significant difference between the impact of challenging games compared to non-challenging in motor proficiency; that this difference was in favor of the challenge group (sig=0.001). The results of this research support the viewpoint of the challenge point framework. Therefore, due to the greater effectiveness of challenge games,
Saeed Arsham; Arash Saidi; Farhad Ghadiri
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the interactive effect of caffeine and attention focus on the postural stability in subjects with different levels of physical activity. 20 male students were divided into two equal groups (physically active and inactive) by the international physical activity questionnaire. ...
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The aim of this study was to determine the interactive effect of caffeine and attention focus on the postural stability in subjects with different levels of physical activity. 20 male students were divided into two equal groups (physically active and inactive) by the international physical activity questionnaire. Their postural sways were gathered from a force plate system during two 30-second trials with a 1-minute rest interval with no interventions in the pretest and in internal attention focus (attention to the lower extremity) and external attention focus (attention to a point on the front wall) conditions. On the second day of the experiment, subjects in both groups received 5 mg of caffeine per kg of body weight and the postural stability test was conducted under internal and external attention focus conditions after 30 minutes. The results of ANOVA with repeated measures at α=0.05 showed significant increases in the postural sways of both groups in internal and external conditions. Also, the caffeine intervention significantly increased the postural sways of both groups in internal and external conditions. Furthermore, active subjects showed less postural sways in different conditions than the inactive group. Regardless of the focus of attention, caffeine causes more postural sways in both groups with different levels of physical activity through affecting the sympathetic system and increased muscle contractions and tremor. In future studies, other factors such as individual differences in response to caffeine intake or its effect on tasks along with postural disturbances should be considered.
