Mehdi Takhtaei; Davood Homanian; Mahmoud Sheikh
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare motor skills and body mass index of male students (7 to 10 years old) with and without internet addiction. Participants included 150 students with internet addiction and 150 students without internet addiction. After their parents filled out the consent forms and ...
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The aim of this study was to compare motor skills and body mass index of male students (7 to 10 years old) with and without internet addiction. Participants included 150 students with internet addiction and 150 students without internet addiction. After their parents filled out the consent forms and the students' personal information was recorded, the groups firstly were identified by the Kimberly Young Internet Addiction Questionnaire. Body mass index of participants were recorded by stadiometer and scale, and then their motor skills were assessed by the Bruininks - Oseretsky test. To classify the data, measures of central tendency and dispersion in the descriptive statistics were used. To analyze the data, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and independent t test were used in the inferential statistics. All research analysis was investigated at the significance level (P<0.05). The results showed significant differences in gross and fine motor skills, motor proficiency as well as body mass index between students with and without internet addiction, that is to say children with internet addiction showed poorer performance in gross and fine motor skills and motor proficiency. Also, they had more body mass index. Internet addiction may be accompanied with obesity and poor performance in gross motor skills. Therefore, it is recommended that the necessary steps should be taken to prevent these problems.
Davood Homanian; Ayoub Asadi; Mehdi Takhtaei; Zahra Jahanbani; Mojtaba Rahmani
Abstract
Numerous studies have examined the effects of focus of attention and quiet eye on motor performance, however the effects of these two variables in different load of task are ambiguous. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of the internal and external focus of attention ...
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Numerous studies have examined the effects of focus of attention and quiet eye on motor performance, however the effects of these two variables in different load of task are ambiguous. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of the internal and external focus of attention instructions on quiet eye and accuracy of dart-throwing in two intensity of the secondary task. participants were 20 novice persons in dart-throwing that selected by convenience sampling; and in four dual-task conditions of internal attention-without tone estimation, external attention-without tone estimation, internal attention-with tone estimation, and external attention-with tone estimation performed dart throwing in counterbalance form that at the same time their gaze data recorded by binoculars eye tracking system. The result of accuracy showed that participants in external rather than internal attention condition and low- intensity rather than high-intensity condition had less radial error. The result of quiet eye showed that only the main effect of the secondary task was significant that participants in high-intensity of the secondary task rather low had more quiet eye duration. These results highlight the importance of external focus of attention in low and high secondary task load conditions for dart-throwing performance and direct the future research to explore more deeply the role of the quiet eye and attentional focus effects in dart-throwing performance.
