Raziyeh Khanmohamadi; Hasan Khalaji; Alireza Bahramy
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different sport fields, different training levels and their interactive effects on indicators of growth and sexual maturation of adolescent female athletes. The population consisted of all adolescent female athletes (aged 17-9) in gymnastics, ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different sport fields, different training levels and their interactive effects on indicators of growth and sexual maturation of adolescent female athletes. The population consisted of all adolescent female athletes (aged 17-9) in gymnastics, volleyball and table tennis in Arak city and the sample included 49 gymnasts, 82 volleyball players and 38 table tennis players who were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. The data were collected by a demographic questionnaire, the physical activity questionnaire for adolescent (PAQ-A), the Tanner Table and bioelectric resistance method. To analyze the data, covariance analysis at (P≤0.05) was used. The findings showed that different sport fields had significant effects on indicators of height, leg length and fat (P˂0.05). Different training levels had significant effects on indicators of fat (P≤0.05). The interactive effect of different sport fields and different training levels had no significant effects on indicators of growth and sexual maturation (P≥0.05). It was concluded that athletes enter these three sport fields when their growth characteristics are proportional to the needs of that field. Also, maximum 10 hours of exercise training per week have no adverse effects on indicators of growth and sexual maturation of athletes.
Manijheh Arabi; Ali Seghatoleslami; Javad Fooladian
Abstract
The aim of this research was to compare brain quadrant dominance between athletic and non-athletic students. For this purpose, 199 university students participating in Sport Olympiad Summer 1391 were selected as the athletic sample and 162 students as the non-athletic samples using simple random sampling ...
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The aim of this research was to compare brain quadrant dominance between athletic and non-athletic students. For this purpose, 199 university students participating in Sport Olympiad Summer 1391 were selected as the athletic sample and 162 students as the non-athletic samples using simple random sampling method. The Hermann Brain Dominance Instrument (HBDI) was used for data collection. The results indicated a significant difference in A brain quadrant between the athletes and non-athletes and also in the B brain quadrant between athletes and non-athletes (P<0.05). The priorities of brain quadrants in both athletes and non-athletes were C, D, A, B respectively. The results showed that although the right section of the brain had more share in problem solving, the left side of the brain had this ability as well and the share of this side was significantly higher in athletic group than the non-athletes.
Ehsan Khajoei Ravari; Ahmad Farokhi; Amir Abas Gholi; Nafiseh Karshenas Najaf Abadi; Saeed Soheilipour
Abstract
Colors influence mood and mental state of human beings and since manis constantly in touch with colors, great important will be attached to thecolors. Exercise is also associated with different colors and is performed inan environment full of different colors. Also, one of the important factorsaffecting ...
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Colors influence mood and mental state of human beings and since manis constantly in touch with colors, great important will be attached to thecolors. Exercise is also associated with different colors and is performed inan environment full of different colors. Also, one of the important factorsaffecting athletes' success is response to the stimulus. Considering theimportance of color and reaction time, this study examined the effect ofenvironmental color on simple reaction time to call in athletes. Thestatistical population consisted of male students (mean age 22.2 yr) ofUniversity of Tehran and 50 subjects were selected by the simple randomsampling method. Simple reaction time to auditory stimulus was recordedusing YB-1000 set. Analysis of variance with repeated measures andBonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze data. Findings showed thatthe smallest standard deviation and mean of simple reaction time to soundwas related to blue environment and there was a significant difference inthe reaction time between the blue environment and all environments exceptfor the white (p<0.05 ). The present results showed that exposure to blueenvironment can increase the speed of auditory information processing ininformation processing system of human beings.
Lila Riahi Farsani; Ahmad Farrokhi; Abolfazl Farahani; Parvaneh Shamsipour
Abstract
The aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence training on mental skills in athlete teenagers. For this purpose, 80 volunteer students (40 boys and 40 girls, mean age of 15±0.53 years) were selected with simple random sampling method and divided into ...
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The aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence training on mental skills in athlete teenagers. For this purpose, 80 volunteer students (40 boys and 40 girls, mean age of 15±0.53 years) were selected with simple random sampling method and divided into two experimental and control groups. Bradberry and Greaves emotional intelligence questionnaire was used to measure emotional intelligence and Ottawa Mental States Assessment Tool (OMSAT 3) to measure mental skills. Also, the questionnaires used in Iran were reliable and valid. The program of emotional intelligence skill training to teenager athletes lasted 10 sessions. Data were analyzed using consistency of variances, Kolmogorov Smirnov test and independent t test (the mean comparisons of the two groups based on the difference of scores between pretest and posttest) at P<0.05. Results showed a significant difference between posttest means in the two groups in four components of emotional intelligence (self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relationship management) and mental skills (P˂0.05). Thus, it seems that the training of emotional intelligence skills is one of the important parts of mental preparation that is necessary to achieve optimum athletic performance.
Mahmood Sheikh; javad Afshari
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate differences in stress coping styles between athletic and non-athletic students with high and low self-esteem. For this purpose, 465 students (118 females and 347 males, mean age 23.58+3.20 years) were selected by available sampling method. The questionnaire of ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate differences in stress coping styles between athletic and non-athletic students with high and low self-esteem. For this purpose, 465 students (118 females and 347 males, mean age 23.58+3.20 years) were selected by available sampling method. The questionnaire of coping styles (Dadsetan et al. 1384) and self-esteem (Rosenberg, 1987) were used to evaluate the variables of coping styles and self-esteem. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and MANOVA statistical models. The findings showed a significant difference in sport condition among coping styles. Also, a significant difference existed in self-esteem levels among coping styles. There was a significant interaction between sport condition and self-esteem in these coping styles. The findings showed that non-athletes with low self-esteem, non-athletes with high self-esteem, athletes with low self-esteem and athletes with high self-esteem respectively used lowest to highest level of active coping style. There was an interaction between physical activity level and self-esteem level in inflexible coping styles. Non-athletes used this coping style almost to the same extent. Athletes with high self-esteem and athletes with low self-esteem respectively used this coping style more than other groups.
