Mehdi Takhtaei; Davood Homanian; Mahmoud Sheikh
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare motor skills and body mass index of male students (7 to 10 years old) with and without internet addiction. Participants included 150 students with internet addiction and 150 students without internet addiction. After their parents filled out the consent forms and ...
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The aim of this study was to compare motor skills and body mass index of male students (7 to 10 years old) with and without internet addiction. Participants included 150 students with internet addiction and 150 students without internet addiction. After their parents filled out the consent forms and the students' personal information was recorded, the groups firstly were identified by the Kimberly Young Internet Addiction Questionnaire. Body mass index of participants were recorded by stadiometer and scale, and then their motor skills were assessed by the Bruininks - Oseretsky test. To classify the data, measures of central tendency and dispersion in the descriptive statistics were used. To analyze the data, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and independent t test were used in the inferential statistics. All research analysis was investigated at the significance level (P<0.05). The results showed significant differences in gross and fine motor skills, motor proficiency as well as body mass index between students with and without internet addiction, that is to say children with internet addiction showed poorer performance in gross and fine motor skills and motor proficiency. Also, they had more body mass index. Internet addiction may be accompanied with obesity and poor performance in gross motor skills. Therefore, it is recommended that the necessary steps should be taken to prevent these problems.
Yasin Kazemi; Ali Heirani; Ghoobad Mehrabiyan
Abstract
This study aimed at examining the effect of local games on motor development and aggressive behavior in preschool children. In a semi-experimental study, 40 children (6 years old) were selected randomly from preschools in Ahwaz city. Pretest was conducted using Ulrich Gross Motor Skills test and Aggression ...
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This study aimed at examining the effect of local games on motor development and aggressive behavior in preschool children. In a semi-experimental study, 40 children (6 years old) were selected randomly from preschools in Ahwaz city. Pretest was conducted using Ulrich Gross Motor Skills test and Aggression Scale. Based on their pretest scores, subjects were divided into two equal groups: local games and preschool common activities. Local games group participated in local games program for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week while the other group had their preschool common activities. Then, all subjects participated in a posttest. After ensuring normal data distribution using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired and independent t tests were used for intergroup and intra-group comparisons. Paired t test analysis showed the significant effect of both programs on motor development and reduction in aggression in preschool children. But intergroup comparison showed the advantage of local games over the preschool common activities (P=0.001). It is suggested that preschools should use local games to enhance motor development and to reduce aggressive behaviors in children.
Somayeh Tabatabai; Mehdi Shahbazi; Fazlolah Bagherzadeh
Abstract
The term autistic refers to the individuals who have a set of development disorders relevant to the central nervous system. These children are known to have deficiency in social interaction, language and communication. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between motor development ...
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The term autistic refers to the individuals who have a set of development disorders relevant to the central nervous system. These children are known to have deficiency in social interaction, language and communication. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between motor development and social development of 6-10-year-old autistic children of Mashhad city. The statistical sample involved 41 students with high–functioning autism (31 boys and 10 girls). The researcher calculated the students' social development scores using SCQ questionnaire. Using Lincoln-Oseretsky Motor Development Scale, the level of motor development was determined. In descriptive section, mean and standard deviation were used and in inferential section, Pearson correlation coefficient was applied with 95% confidence level. The results showed a significant relationship between students' motor development and their social development (P<0.05). Also, there was a significant relationship between the boys' gross motor skills, fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination and their social development (P<0.05). The girls' fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination were significantly related to their social development (P<0.05), but there was no significant relationship between the agility of fingers and social development in both groups (P>0.05). These results of the relationship between motor development and social development showed that motor skills can affect the improvement of autistic students.
Younes Olfatian; Mahmoud Shiekh; Abbas Minooi
Abstract
One of the basic motor skills in childhood is manipulation skills. Gross motor manipulation is a person's relationship with the objects and has this feature: force is applied to an object or the force of an object is absorbed. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a selected motor program ...
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One of the basic motor skills in childhood is manipulation skills. Gross motor manipulation is a person's relationship with the objects and has this feature: force is applied to an object or the force of an object is absorbed. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a selected motor program including team traditional games as motor experiences on manipulation skills development in boys aged between 6 and 8 (1st to 3rd grade of elementary school) in deprived areas. In this semi-experimental study, 20 children were selected from the male children in deprived areas of Andimeshk city purposively by convenience sampling method through a personality questionnaire. Firstly, they were pretested with Ulrich Gross Motor Development Test. The subjects were randomly matched in two groups: 10 kids in experiment group and 10 kids in control group. Then the selected motor program was executed for 24 sessions, 45 minutes each session for 8 weeks. During the execution of the program, the control group performed their usual activities. After the end of the program, both groups were post-tested. After checking the normality of the data and equality of variances, data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and one-way ANOVA in the context of MANOVA. Results showed that traditional games had a positive effect on development of manipulation skills (F6.4=30.75, sig=0.003, ƞ2=0.979). So an opportunity can be provided for children to train and increase the development of their basic manipulation skills and their movement by encouraging them to play proper games and enriching the environment.
Hamid Salehi; Mahshid Zarezade
Abstract
Fundamental movement skills are observable patterns of motor behaviors including locomotor, manipulative, and stability activities. The aim of this study was to assess the gross motor development and the movement skill proficiency in elementary school children in Tehran city. The test of Gross ...
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Fundamental movement skills are observable patterns of motor behaviors including locomotor, manipulative, and stability activities. The aim of this study was to assess the gross motor development and the movement skill proficiency in elementary school children in Tehran city. The test of Gross Motor Development-2 (Ulrich, 2000) was administered to 712 children aged between 7 and 11. Performance of each 12 gross motor skills was assessed qualitatively. The percentages of poor/professional and nearly professional (advanced) children were reported by gender and age group. The assessments indicated that the highest percentages of advance level for both genders belonged to sliding and running, but these proportions were generally low in other skills. The percentages of advanced boys were statistically more than the percentages of girls in one locomotor skill (leaping) and two object-control skills (kicking and striking). In three object-control skills (dribbling, kicking and throwing), the percentages of the older advanced children were statistically more than younger ones. It was suggested that more attention should be paid to promote movement skill proficiency in elementary schools.
Rokhsareh Badami; Maryam Nezakatalhosseini; Fahime Rajabi; Mansoore Jafari
Abstract
The present study was designed to determine the effect of different levels of body mass index (BMI) on fundamental motor skills in 6-year-old children of Isfahan city. For this purpose, fundamental motor skills of 19 underweight children (grade 3 thinness) and 19 children with normal weight and 19 overweight ...
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The present study was designed to determine the effect of different levels of body mass index (BMI) on fundamental motor skills in 6-year-old children of Isfahan city. For this purpose, fundamental motor skills of 19 underweight children (grade 3 thinness) and 19 children with normal weight and 19 overweight children who were matched according to their gender and socioeconomic background were assessed using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC). Among 8 items of M-ABC, normal weight and overweight children differed on only one-leg balance with preferred leg and normal weight and underweight children differed on only walking heels raised item. However, the total motor impairment score which was calculated by the summation of the 8 item scores was higher in underweight and overweight children than their normal weight peers.
Hakimeh Akbari
Abstract
Fundamental motor skills are the bases of special motor skills. In addition tomaturation, environmental promotion can influence these skills. The aim of thisstudy was to investigate and compare the effect of developmental gymnasticinstructional program and Spark motor program as motor experiences onfundamental ...
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Fundamental motor skills are the bases of special motor skills. In addition tomaturation, environmental promotion can influence these skills. The aim of thisstudy was to investigate and compare the effect of developmental gymnasticinstructional program and Spark motor program as motor experiences onfundamental motor skills development in children aged between 6 and 8. For thispurpose, 120 children (6–8 years old) were selected from Tehran primary schoolsby cluster random sampling method. After the pretest (test of gross motordevelopment, second edition, Ulrich), the subjects were divided into three groupsof Spark motor program, developmental gymnastic instructional program andcontrol. The programs were performed for one year (36 weeks, one session perweek, 30 minutes per session). In the 37th week, the posttest was performed. Datawere analyzed by paired sample t test and one-way ANOVA. The results showedthat Spark program and gymnastic program outperformed the control group infundamental motor skills and locomotion (P˂0.05) and the difference between thetwo experimental groups was not significant. Spark program was more effectivethan gymnastic program and control group in the development of manipulationskills. Gymnastic program was more effective than the control group in thedevelopment of manipulation skills (P˂0.05). Thus, it can be concluded thatinstructional programs can be considered as a proper motor experience forchildren. These programs can be used to develop motor skills at schools through providing suitable opportunities for more training and presenting developmental motor tasks.
Kayvan Norouzi; Hassan Khalaji; Mahmodd Sheikh; Hakimeh Akbari
Volume 3, Issue 1 , June 2011, , Pages 5-21
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a selected motor program (as a motor experience) on manipulative skills in 4-6-year-old boys. 40 subjects were selected randomly using a personal information questionnaire. After the pretest, the Ulrich's test of Gross Motor Development (2000) ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a selected motor program (as a motor experience) on manipulative skills in 4-6-year-old boys. 40 subjects were selected randomly using a personal information questionnaire. After the pretest, the Ulrich's test of Gross Motor Development (2000) including fundamental motor skills, locomotors skills, manipulative skills and controlling instruments was used and the subjects were randomly divided into two groups of selected motor program (age: 58.9 months, SD: 8.57); one of these groups experienced the activities of researcher's selected motor program 24 sessions, 30 minutes per session while the other group (control) enjoyed their casual activities. After 24 sessions, two groups participated in the posttest. To test the hypotheses, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and independent and dependent t student tests were used. The results showed that a selected motor program had more effects on the development of manipulative skills when compared with casual activities (P