Zohreh Khalilpourshiraz; Behzad Behzadnia; Mohammad Taghi Aghdasi
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between self-supportive behaviors with basic psychological needs, sleep quality and mindfulness in athletes.Methods: The present research method was descriptive and correlation. The statistical population of the present ...
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Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between self-supportive behaviors with basic psychological needs, sleep quality and mindfulness in athletes.Methods: The present research method was descriptive and correlation. The statistical population of the present study was athletes (girls and boys) with an age range of 20-30 years, who had at least three years of experience in one of the competitive sports fields (team and individual) and were members of one of the sports teams in Tabriz city. A total of 134 athletes were selected through available sampling and completed demographic information questionnaire, self-supporting and self-thwarting behaviors questionnaire, basic psychological needs satisfaction and need frustration questionnaire, Pittsburg sleep quality index questionnaire, and mindful, attention, awareness scale questionnaire.Results: The results of the statistical analysis showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between self-supportive behaviors and the satisfaction of basic psychological needs and between self-thwartive behaviors and the frustration of basic psychological needs.Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that athletes who develop more self-supportive behaviors in themselves experience more satisfaction of needs and are therefore more mindful and can have better sleep quality, which can be effective in their better sports performance. Therefore, it is suggested to sports coaches to take advantage of self-supportive behaviors to take interventions with the aim of helping athletes to recover themselves and to promote the satisfaction of basic psychological needs in order to improve the level of performance and mental health of athletes.
ali shafizadeh; Jaleh Bahramian; Golamali mahdimirzaeian; Farshad Abbasi
Abstract
مقدمه: حالات خلقی و مهارتهای ذهنی ورزشکاران ارتباط مستقیمی با ارتقاء و حفظ عملکرد ماهرانه آنان دارد. هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه حالات خلقی و آمادگی‌های ذهنی ورزشکاران نخبه ...
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مقدمه: حالات خلقی و مهارتهای ذهنی ورزشکاران ارتباط مستقیمی با ارتقاء و حفظ عملکرد ماهرانه آنان دارد. هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه حالات خلقی و آمادگی‌های ذهنی ورزشکاران نخبه و غیرنخبه استان چهارمحال و بختیاری بود.
روش پژوهش: جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل 111نفر از ورزشکاران زن و مرد استان چهارمحال و بختیاری در 18 رشته ورزشی بودندکه بر اساس نتایج سه سال اخیر حضورشان در مسابقات به دو گروه نخبه و غیرنخبه تقسیم شدند. بر اساس معیارهای تعیین شده 48 ورزشکاران نخبه و63 نفر غیرنخبه انتخاب شدند. اطلاعات حالات خلقی ورزشکاران با پرسشنامه حالات خلقی برومز و مهارتهای ذهنی آنان با آزمون مهارت های ذهنی اوتاوا -3 گردآوری شد.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد بین سابقه ورزشی، جنسیت و تعداد نفرات ورزشکاران دو گروه نخبه و غیرنخبه تفاوت معناداری نبود. حالات خلقی سرزندگی، سردرگمی، آرامش و شادکامی و زیرمقیاسهای خلق مثبت و منفی و نمره کل خلق بین دوگروه تفاوت معناداری داشت. بین نمره کل مهارتهای ذهنی و مهارتهای روانی جسمانی دو گروه نخبه و غیرنخبه تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت. مهارتهای پایه گروه نخبه، مهارتهای روانی تنی، شناختی و کل مهارتهای ذهنی دو گروه نخبه و غیرنخبه با خلق مثبت ارتباط مستقیم و معناداری داشت. نمره کل مهارتهای ذهنی با نمره کل حالات خلقی در گروه غیرنخبه رابطه مستقیم و معنادار داشت و در گروه نخبه این رابطه معکوس ولی معنادار نبود.
نتیجه گیری: برای ارتقاء عملکرد ورزشکاران و کسب نتایج بهتر در مسابقات، توصیه می‌گردد تمرکز برنامه‌های روانشناختی بر خلق مثبت و مهارتهای ذهنی پایه متمرکز شود.
Saeid Ahar; Hossein Samadi; Sakineh Jafari
Abstract
Introduction: Objective criteria for performance measurements are widely used in motor learning, development, and sports psychology, despite their inherent limitations. Due to the limitation in performance evaluation tools in team sports, the present research aimed to determine the validity and reliability ...
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Introduction: Objective criteria for performance measurements are widely used in motor learning, development, and sports psychology, despite their inherent limitations. Due to the limitation in performance evaluation tools in team sports, the present research aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Perceived Performance in Team Sports Questionnaire (PPTSQ).Methods: The current research was a survey study. The statistical sample consisted of 100 professional athletes (52 women and 48 men) in team sports aged 18 to 32 who participated in the present research through available and purposive sampling. First, the accuracy of the translation of the Persian version of the questionnaire was confirmed using the back-translation method. Then, confirmatory factor analysis based on structural equation modeling was used to determine the structural validity of the questionnaire, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the internal consistency. Statistical analysis was performed using Lisrel software version 8.8.Results: The results showed that the first-order model is suitable concerning statistical indices (RMSEA=0.079), which confirmed the construct validity of this questionnaire in Persian. The second-order model also confirmed the validity of the constituent components of this questionnaire (RMSEA=0.073). Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α=0.92) and test-retest internal correlation (α=0.92) confirmed the reliability of the questionnaire.Conclusion: Based on the results, the Persian version of the perceived performance in team sports questionnaire has good and acceptable construct validity and internal reliability, and it can be used as a valid and reliable tool.
Mohammad Ali Besharat; Amir Hossein Afshari; Meysam Shahhosseini
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare competitive anxiety and perceived overtraining in athletes with and without anabolic steroids consumption. The statistical population included all athletes of team and individual sport fields in Tehran city in 2016. 251 male athletes with and without anabolic ...
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The aim of the present study was to compare competitive anxiety and perceived overtraining in athletes with and without anabolic steroids consumption. The statistical population included all athletes of team and individual sport fields in Tehran city in 2016. 251 male athletes with and without anabolic steroids consumption were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method. Athletes had mean age (24 ± 6) years and exercise history (3 ± 1) years. Data were collected using competitive anxiety and perceived overtraining questionnaires. The findings were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and independent t test and showed that athletes without the consumption of anabolic steroids had higher cognitive and physical anxiety than those athletes who consumed anabolic steroids, but there was no significant difference between the two groups in self-confidence. Also, given the perceived overtraining variable, the group who did not use anabolic steroids had a higher level of overtraining. The results indicated that one of the main reasons why athletes use anabolic steroids is their benefits which reduce the negative states and improve the mental and physical performance. That is why these steroids prevail among athletes every day.
Rosa Rahavi; Hamid Abbasi; Farideh Bayareh
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of instruction intellectual biorhythm feedback on the movement Performance of the students were athletes and non-athletes. The case studies were selected in access style include 144 male and female student athletes and non- athletes with an average ...
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of instruction intellectual biorhythm feedback on the movement Performance of the students were athletes and non-athletes. The case studies were selected in access style include 144 male and female student athletes and non- athletes with an average age of 21.5 years. They were divided in 2 groups of athletes and non- athletes and each of the groups under three different conditions biorhythm cycle (intellectual biorhythm peak, intellectual biorhythm Peak + feedback, control) in pre-test and then randomly divided into 6 groups and Participated in 3 times in motor function test. The data were analyzed in pre-test by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and to comparing different groups by Mix ANOVA with repeated measure test on a plot (2*3*3) and to identify differences by Bonferroni post hoc tests in a significance level p
Amir Hossein Mehrsafar; Mohammad Khabiri; Ali Moghadamzadeh
Abstract
The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2) is the most widely used instrument to measure competitive anxiety in the literature. The aim of this study was to examine the factorial validity and reliability of Persian version of Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 regarding intensity, direction, ...
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The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2) is the most widely used instrument to measure competitive anxiety in the literature. The aim of this study was to examine the factorial validity and reliability of Persian version of Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 regarding intensity, direction, and frequency dimensions. The original form included 27 questions and 3 subscales including somatic anxiety, cognitive anxiety, and self-confidence. 356 questionnaires were completed by 16-34-year-old athletes who took part in different sport fields. Five competing models were used to estimate construct validity of the inventory. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to contrast the proposed models. The inventory reliability was calculated using the internal consistency method. To examine temporal reliability, intraclass correlation coefficient was applied using test–retest method. The results showed that the Persian version of the inventory supported the 16-item 3-factor model in intensity, direction, and frequency dimensions; thus, validity and reliability of the inventory were confirmed. In conclusion, Persian version of Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 with 16 items is recommended to measure athletes' state competitive anxiety.
Amir Abbas Gholipoor; Mehdi Shahbazi; Fazlollah Bagherzadeh
Abstract
Attribution theory is one of the psychological dynamic theories that explainsand describes people's perception of facts. Therefore, the aim of this research wasto study success and failure attributions in athletes and coaches. The population ofthis study consisted of athletes and coaches of national ...
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Attribution theory is one of the psychological dynamic theories that explainsand describes people's perception of facts. Therefore, the aim of this research wasto study success and failure attributions in athletes and coaches. The population ofthis study consisted of athletes and coaches of national teams (elite) and clubteams (sub–elite) in swimming, badminton, karate, taekwondo, table tennis andwrestling. 120 male players and 12 coaches were selected through multistageconvenience sampling method. Then, data were collected by attribution stylesquestionnaire (ASQ). The data were analyzed by multivariate ANOVA at P˂0.05.The findings showed that elite athletes expressed more unstable and specificattributions in failure conditions. In contrast, sub–elite athletes expressed morestable and general attributions in failure conditions (P≤0.0001). As well, thecoaches of elite athletes expressed more stable and specific attributions than thecoaches of sub–elite athletes in success dimension (P≤0.0001). The results showedthat the casual attribution of athletes (elite and sub-elite) and their coaches (eliteand sub-elite) expressed elite athletes and coaches' privilege as elite athletesexpressed that most of the reasons for their success were internal, stable andgeneral. Also, athletes and coaches stated different attributions in the samesituation. It is recommended that coaches encourage their athletes to attempt moreto express all of their competencies in the competitions.
