Alihossein Naseri; Abbas Bahram; Hamid Salehi; Afkham Daneshvar
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of errorless practice on learning an aiming skill in mentally retarded adolescents. 40 mentally retarded adolescents were assigned to four practice groups based on intelligence quotient and working memory capacity. The task was to throw basketball mini ...
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The aim of this study was to determine the effects of errorless practice on learning an aiming skill in mentally retarded adolescents. 40 mentally retarded adolescents were assigned to four practice groups based on intelligence quotient and working memory capacity. The task was to throw basketball mini balls into a target with concentric circles. The practice of groups was different from each other. The subjects performed 200 practice attempts in 5 practice blocks in the acquisition stage. Single task and dual task tests were implemented immediately, with 24-hour latency and one-week latency. The secondary task involved counting even numbers forward. The results showed that the groups with the least error and the least involvement in work memory during the practice outperformed other groups in acquisition stage, the single task test and dual task test. The findings of this study were consistent with the Adam's closed loop theory, the reinvestment theory, and the estimates of the challenge point framework regarding errors in the acquisition stage, but they were contradictory with the estimates of the schema theory. These findings also provided evidence to support the claim of the challenge point framework and the reinvestment theory about special individuals (mentally retarded).
Masoud delbari; Hasan Mohamadzade; Mahmud Delbari
Volume 1, Issue 1 , July 2009, , Pages 135-145
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of computer games on intelligence quotient (IQ), reaction time (RT), and movement time (MT) of adolescents. The statistical population of this study consisted of male high school students (aged between 14 and 18), Restrict 1 in Tabriz city. Two samples ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of computer games on intelligence quotient (IQ), reaction time (RT), and movement time (MT) of adolescents. The statistical population of this study consisted of male high school students (aged between 14 and 18), Restrict 1 in Tabriz city. Two samples (n1=n2=25) were selected purposefully and were divided into two equivalent groups (experimental and control). The experimental criterion was to play computer games a minimum of three days a week for the past six months. The control group played little or preferably no computer games in the past six months. To determine their IQ, Cattle’s intelligence test (Scale 3) and normative tables were used. RT and MT of subjects were measured by appraiser system of RT and MT. Results showed that computer games had a significant effect on IQ (P=0.031), simple reaction time (P=0.017), simple movement time (P=0.019), diagnostic time (P=0.04) and diagnostic movement time (P=0.036). Also findings established that the computer game experience improves IQ, reaction times and movement times.
