Maryam Nezakatalhosseini; Ahmadreza Movahedi; Hamid Salehi
Volume 3, Issue 1 , June 2011, , Pages 81-101
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of self-control feedback on relative and absolute timing through observational and physical practices. Participants (n=90) were randomly assigned to physical and observational practice (self-control, yoked, and instructor KR) groups. They practiced ...
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of self-control feedback on relative and absolute timing through observational and physical practices. Participants (n=90) were randomly assigned to physical and observational practice (self-control, yoked, and instructor KR) groups. They practiced a sequential timing task, which required participants to press four keys (2, 6, 8, and 4) respectively with regard to relative and absolute timing. Self-control group received KR about the model's performance whenever they requested it whereas the other groups (yoked, instructor) had no control on the feedback schedules. They performed 72 trials during the acquisition phase and 12 trials in retention and transfer phases. ANOVA with repeated measures and a multi-factorial ANOVA were conducted to analyze the collected data. The results demonstrated that during the acquisition phase, relative timing errors were lower in the self-control and instructor groups. During the retention and transfer phases, relative timing errors were lower for the self-control compared with the yoked and instructor groups. In addition, during the retention and transfer phase, absolute timing errors were lower for the yoked compared with the self-control group.
Alireza Saberi; Hosien Samadi; Alireza Farsi; Korosh Ghahraman; Hamid Sedaghat
Volume 2, Issue 1 , April 2010, , Pages 91-114
Abstract
This research was performed to monitor the effects of different practice schedules on learning and transfer of generalized motor program and timing parameter in a serial task. For this purpose, 80 participants (age: 19-23 years) voluntarily participated in this research and then they were divided randomly ...
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This research was performed to monitor the effects of different practice schedules on learning and transfer of generalized motor program and timing parameter in a serial task. For this purpose, 80 participants (age: 19-23 years) voluntarily participated in this research and then they were divided randomly into 4 groups: blocked, random, blocked-random and random-blocked. This test included performance of serial tasks with different generalized motor programs (spatial dimension variance) and variable timing parameter. The participants accomplished 108 trials (pretest) and participated in retention and transfer tests. After these tests, the amount of relative timing error (measure of consistency and proficiency of generalized motor program) and absolute timing error (measure of accuracy and proficiency of parameterization) was calculated. Analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test were used to analyze the data. The results showed a significant difference (P?0.05) among practice schedules in the acquisition phase, but in transfer and retention phases, despite the relative priority of combined practice groups, there was no significant difference among the groups.
