Farnaz Torabi; Zahra Mortazaeedarsara
Abstract
AbstractConcentration is an important rool in shooting, Some consider the ability to concentrate to be a natural and inherent talent of athletes, while these abilities are not innate and are skills that athletes can acquire through practice and learning.The use of direct brain electrical stimulation ...
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AbstractConcentration is an important rool in shooting, Some consider the ability to concentrate to be a natural and inherent talent of athletes, while these abilities are not innate and are skills that athletes can acquire through practice and learning.The use of direct brain electrical stimulation is one of the ways to increase the concentration. This study focused on effect of Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the concentration and record of 16 to 26 year old pistol shooters in Isfahan was investigated, 30 subjects (consisted of women and gentlemen were present. 15 of them were in experimental group and 15 subjects were selected for control group. Before the beginning of the study, subjects of both groups were subjected to a pretest including a stroop test and a complete shot form 60 arrows with a scatt machine. Then the experimental group went under the influence of tDCS from the T3 and CZ regions for 20 minutes with voltage of 1 mA per day and it continued for 10 sessions. All subjects were subjected to post-test, which was the same as the pre-test after the end of work and 7 days later. Data were analyzed by SPSS . The results showed that Transcranial direct current stimulation had a significant effect on the concentration and the record of the pistol shooters. The results of both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (P <0.05) indicated that tDCS had a significant effect on concentration and record of pistol shooters and it improved by using tDCS.
Kimiya Mostafavi; Mahiodin Bahari; Afsaneh Sanatkaran
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of shooting training with air gun on aggression in adolescent girls. This study was semi-experimental including pretest, posttest with a control group. 30 female aggressive students (age: 16±1.1 years) were selected by convenience sampling method ...
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The aim of this study was to examine the effect of shooting training with air gun on aggression in adolescent girls. This study was semi-experimental including pretest, posttest with a control group. 30 female aggressive students (age: 16±1.1 years) were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Buss and Perry (1992) aggression questionnaire was used to evaluate aggression. The experimental group participated in shooting training for 12 sessions (each session 60 minutes) under a coach's supervision. After the last training session, the two groups participated in the posttest. The results of the two-way multivariate analysis of variance showed that shooting training significantly reduced aggression, verbal aggression, hostility and anger but shooting training had no significant effect on physical aggression. It seems that shooting training has an atmosphere and characteristics that can play an important role in producing calmness and reducing aggression.
Valiollah Kashani; Mansoreh Azari; Ahmad Nikravan
Abstract
The special skill is highly specific skill embedded within a more general class of skills or, as a dictionary definition would suggest, an exception to the rule. The present study attempted to investigate the emergence of especial skill in shooting with air gun at two skill levels (skilled, novice). ...
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The special skill is highly specific skill embedded within a more general class of skills or, as a dictionary definition would suggest, an exception to the rule. The present study attempted to investigate the emergence of especial skill in shooting with air gun at two skill levels (skilled, novice). The population studied here included all male and female shooters from the city of Semnan. The study was conducted on a sample of 40 shooters, consisting of two groups of women with the mean age of M= 21.33 and two groups of men with the mean age of M= 23.44, who performed shooting with air gun at five distances (8, 9, 10, 11, 12 meters) from the target. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, tables, and figures) as well as inferential statistics (regression and one-way analysis of variance). Simple linear regression with the significance level P
Hasan Mohammadzadeh; Mandana Heydari
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the probable relationship of failure and success with self-efficacy expectations in learning shooting skill. The subjects were 63 physical education students of Urmia University who were assigned to two experimental and one control group. The subjects received training ...
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The aim of this study was to determine the probable relationship of failure and success with self-efficacy expectations in learning shooting skill. The subjects were 63 physical education students of Urmia University who were assigned to two experimental and one control group. The subjects received training in air-rifle shooting for one day and practiced it for three days. At the end of each practice session, the first experimental group received verbal feedback regarding their successful performance (high score and low error). The second experimental group received verbal feedback regarding their failure (low score and high error). The control group did not receive any feedback. At the end of final training session and after 48 hours of detraining, the subjects performed the criteria task as performance and retention tests. During the retention phase (before they performed criteria task), the subjects filled out self-efficacy questionnaire of Bandura and Adams (1997). The questionnaire included one open-ended question on the main reason for the subjects’ performance and five other questions on predicting their performance in retention test. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) test to determine the differences resulted from research variables. Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to determine significant relationships of predicted and the real performance (?=0.05). The findings showed that the control and the failed groups had weaker performance than the successful group. Further analysis indicated that the level and the power of the perceived self-efficacy were significant and higher among the members of the successful group compared to the failed and the control group. In addition, the relationship between predicted performance and the real performance was significant only in the successful group. The findings supported Bandura’s theory regarding the effects of successful experiences on improving self-efficacy.