Amir Abbas Gholipoor; Mehdi Shahbazi; Fazlollah Bagherzadeh
Abstract
Attribution theory is one of the psychological dynamic theories that explainsand describes people's perception of facts. Therefore, the aim of this research wasto study success and failure attributions in athletes and coaches. The population ofthis study consisted of athletes and coaches of national ...
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Attribution theory is one of the psychological dynamic theories that explainsand describes people's perception of facts. Therefore, the aim of this research wasto study success and failure attributions in athletes and coaches. The population ofthis study consisted of athletes and coaches of national teams (elite) and clubteams (sub–elite) in swimming, badminton, karate, taekwondo, table tennis andwrestling. 120 male players and 12 coaches were selected through multistageconvenience sampling method. Then, data were collected by attribution stylesquestionnaire (ASQ). The data were analyzed by multivariate ANOVA at P˂0.05.The findings showed that elite athletes expressed more unstable and specificattributions in failure conditions. In contrast, sub–elite athletes expressed morestable and general attributions in failure conditions (P≤0.0001). As well, thecoaches of elite athletes expressed more stable and specific attributions than thecoaches of sub–elite athletes in success dimension (P≤0.0001). The results showedthat the casual attribution of athletes (elite and sub-elite) and their coaches (eliteand sub-elite) expressed elite athletes and coaches' privilege as elite athletesexpressed that most of the reasons for their success were internal, stable andgeneral. Also, athletes and coaches stated different attributions in the samesituation. It is recommended that coaches encourage their athletes to attempt moreto express all of their competencies in the competitions.
Mehdi Ghafoori; Mehdi Shahbazi; Parisa Rastegar; Ehsan Fatehi
Abstract
Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand and manage self-emotions and others' emotions and includes the intelligent use of emotions. This study aimed at investigating the emotional intelligence in male and female elite athletes in team and individual sport fields. The sample consisted of 62 ...
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Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand and manage self-emotions and others' emotions and includes the intelligent use of emotions. This study aimed at investigating the emotional intelligence in male and female elite athletes in team and individual sport fields. The sample consisted of 62 female elite athletes and 74 male elite athletes selected from different individual and team sports. They filled out Schutte's emotional intelligence scale. The obtained data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and independent t test at significance level of 0.05. The results showed no significant difference in emotional intelligence between male and female elite athletes (P>0.05). Findings also revealed no significant difference in emotional intelligence between individual and team sports (P>0.05). The results showed that female athletes benefit from emotional intelligence in their sport performance and progress as much as male athletes and also both individual and team athletes need the same degree of improvement of emotional intelligence and use it in their sport, so it is suggested that special exercises should be planned regardless of gender or sport type to increase emotional intelligence of athletes.
