Farnaz Torabi; Mahmud Sheikh; Elahe Arabameri; Rasoul Hemattalab; Fazlolah Bagherzadeh
Volume 1, Issue 3 , January 2009, , Pages 65-82
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of audience and music on learning and performance of basketball free throw. Subjects were 36 healthy non-athlete girls (age: 22.8±1.59 years, height: 163.1± 5.63 cm and weight: 54.5±7.06) who were randomly divided into three groups of audience (n=12), ...
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The aim of this study was to compare the effect of audience and music on learning and performance of basketball free throw. Subjects were 36 healthy non-athlete girls (age: 22.8±1.59 years, height: 163.1± 5.63 cm and weight: 54.5±7.06) who were randomly divided into three groups of audience (n=12), music (n=12) and control (n=12). Protocol of acquisition phase included basketball free throw for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week, and 15 trails each session with the presence of motivational factors in separate groups. Score of free throw test was recorded per session. Then, posttest was carried out and finally after 2 weeks of detraining, retention test was performed in the same condition for all groups. Transfer test in a new condition (different from training condition) was performed 24 hours later. Heart rate index was used to asses the level of arousal of subjects at rest and during training. To analyze data, one-way ANOVA test, analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni post hoc test were used. Results showed that all groups improved in the acquisition phase and there was no significant difference in free throw scores among the three groups in the acquisition test (P=0.145). But in the retention test, music group achieved highest scores and in transfer test, music and audience groups were significantly higher than the control group (P=0.000).
Elahe Arabameri; Shida Ehsani; Mohammad Reza Dehkhoda; Mansoor Sayah
Volume 1, Issue 3 , January 2009, , Pages 83-97
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate general health condition, outbreak of depression and body mass index (BMI) in athlete and non-athlete students of Tehran University. Both female and male junior students participated in this study and 200 students, 50 athletes and 50 non-athletes were selected. ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate general health condition, outbreak of depression and body mass index (BMI) in athlete and non-athlete students of Tehran University. Both female and male junior students participated in this study and 200 students, 50 athletes and 50 non-athletes were selected. In order to determine general health and outbreak of depression, questionnaires of general health and Beck's depression test were used, and in order to determine BMI, height and weight of the subjects were measured. In order to analyze the data, two-way ANOVA test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. The results of this study showed no significant difference in the average value of BMI between athlete and non-athlete students based on their gender (P=0.09), but there was a significant difference in BMI between female and male students. No significant interaction was observed between gender and physical activity in BMI index. There was a significant difference in general health between athlete and non-athlete students based on their gender (P=0.007). There were no significant differences among general health subscales, BMI and Beck scores of students based on their gender and physical activity. However, there was a significant relationship between GHQ28 subscales and Beck scores based on gender and physical activity.
