Introduction: Talent identification in Iranian sports requires a transition from traditional approaches to comprehensive models that account for underlying cultural and social factors. This study focuses on the potential of Lorestan Province to develop a comprehensive conceptual model for student sports talent identification through a sociological lens.

Method: Methodologically, this research adopted an exploratory mixed-methods design, primarily grounded in Grounded Theory. Through purposive and snowball sampling, in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 experts (including faculty members, sports science specialists, and physical education teachers) until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data were analyzed across three stages—open, axial, and selective coding—using MAXQDA software (Version 2020).

Results: The analysis yielded 39 distinct concepts, which were categorized into six main dimensions of the final model: Causal Conditions (including regional cultural, ethnic, and environmental factors), Core Phenomena (talent identification and nurturing during golden ages, sports justice), Contextual Factors (human, financial, and technological infrastructures), Intervening Conditions (executive barriers and facilitators), Strategies (multifaceted interactions, development of intelligent digital systems), and Consequences (economic, sporting, and social outcomes).

Conclusion: The proposed comprehensive model, by intelligently integrating local capacities and employing technological strategies, can bridge the gap between the region’s raw potential and practical athletic outputs. The research’s strategic emphasis on strengthening multifaceted interactions between educational, familial, and sporting institutions, alongside investment in smart technological infrastructure, serves as leverage points for achieving sustainable and justice-oriented development in student sports at both provincial and national levels.