The Effect of Normative Feedback on Acquisition and Retention of Throwing Skill in Task and Self Oriented Female Students

Gharakhanlo, Somayeh; Nourbakhsh, Parivash; Sepasi, Hossein

doi:10.22059/jmlm.2016.59267

Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license

Authors

¹ Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

² Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University. Iran

³ Karaj Branch, Islamic azad University, Karaj, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22059/jmlm.2016.59267

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of positive normative feedback on acquisition and retention of throwing skill. The method was quasi-experimental and the population consisted of the 5^th grade elementary female students. 60 students were randomly selected from the population and were randomly assigned to four different groups: normative task-orientation, non-normative task-orientation, normative self-orientation and non-normative self-orientation. In a pretest, all subjects attempted 10 throws receiving no feedback. Acquisition phase took 3 days in which each subject attempted a total of 60 throws (20 throws per day). All groups received feedback at this stage; however, only the positive normative group received 20% more feedback. After 48 hours, subjects responded to a retention test. The results showed no significant difference in feedback performance of groups in the acquisition phase. However, this difference was reported significant in retention phase. Tukey post hoc test revealed a significant difference in the mean scores of subjects between normative and non-normative self-orientation groups. No significant differences were observed between task-orientation and self-orientation subjects in their perceived merit

Keywords

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Journal of Sports and Motor Development and Learning

The Effect of Normative Feedback on Acquisition and Retention of Throwing Skill in Task and Self Oriented Female Students

References

References

Volume 8, Issue 1
April 2016
Pages 175-191

The Effect of Normative Feedback on Acquisition and Retention of Throwing Skill in Task and Self Oriented Female Students

References

References

Volume 8, Issue 1April 2016Pages 175-191

Volume 8, Issue 1
April 2016
Pages 175-191