Journal of Sports and Motor Development and Learning
Scientific Journal

The Effect of Two Types of Ebbinghaus Visual Illusion on Learning a Motor Skill in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license

Authors

Mohammad Hossein Zamani 1
Hamidreza Taheri Torbati 2
Aireza Saberi Kakhki 3
Majid Ghoshoni 4

1 PhD. Student motor Learning, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Ferdowsi Mashhad University, Mashhad, Iran .

2 Professor motor behavior, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Ferdowsi Mashhad University, Mashhad, Iran

3 Associated professor motor behavior, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Ferdowsi Mashhad University, Mashhad, Iran

4 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22059/jmlm.2021.326760.1592
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of visual illusion on the learning of throwing skills in autism children. The research method was semi-experimental with repeated design and retention test. The statistical sample of this study was 33 children of 10 years old who were selected available and were divided into three groups randomly: larger circle perceptions, smaller circle perceptions and control group. The tool used in this study was the Ebbinghaus illusion displayed on the ground and the beanbags for throwing from down to shoulder to goal. At first, the participants performed ten trials at the pre-test phase. Then, in the acquisition phase, 20 blocks completed 10 trials. 48 hours after the last session of the acquisition, a retention test was performed in 10 trials of the participant. To analyze the data, mixed analysis of variance analysis with repeated measures, one way analysis of variance and Tukey's follow-up were used. The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the groups both in the acquisition phase and in the retention phase between the groups, which this difference was in favor of the larger circle's perception group. Overall, the results of this study showed that a simple perceptual manipulation can increase motor learning in children with autism. Therefore, it is suggested to educators and sports practitioners to use this variable to improve their performance and improve their training sessions.

Keywords

Learning
Ebbinghaus Visual Illusion
Autism Children
Throwing motor skills
weak central coherence theory
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Journal of Sports and Motor Development and Learning
Volume 13, Issue 3
Autumn 2021
Pages 255-273

  • Receive Date 06 July 2021
  • Revise Date 03 October 2021
  • Accept Date 15 September 2021

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