Effect of Moderate Aerobic Activity on Balance, Motor Behavior, Serotonin and Tyrosine Hydroxylase Chemical Enzyme in Animal Model of Parkinson's Disease

Soori, Sara; Bagherzadeh, Fazlolah; Hemayat Talab, Rasoul

doi:10.22059/jmlm.2018.258381.1375

Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license

Authors

¹ Corresponding Author, Department of Behavior and Cognitive Sciences in Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

² Department of Behavior and Cognitive Sciences in Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran , Tehran, Iran.

³ Department of Behavior and Cognitive Sciences in Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran , Iran.

https://doi.org/10.22059/jmlm.2018.258381.1375

Abstract

Introduction: In recent studies, balance and postural instability have been reported as a common motor disorder in Parkinson's patients, which leads to frequent falls, decreased quality of life, and mortality in these patients. On the other hand, evidence has shown that training is effective in treating motor and cognitive symptoms of neurodegenerative patients.
Methods: For this purpose, 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups of eight rats including Healthy Control, Parkinson’s Control, and Parkinson’s Training. The animals in the training group were placed on a treadmill for four weeks. At the end of the course, motor disorders (balance and motor behavior) were evaluated using Rotarod and Open-Field tests, and biochemical factors were assessed by ELISA method. Data analysis was done using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test at a significant level of P<0.05, via SPSS version 19 software.
Results: The results showed that although the Parkinson's group without training was significantly lower in terms of motor performance than the other groups (P<0.05), four weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic training increased the balance (P<0.05), and improved the motor disorders in Parkinson's rats (P<0.05). Also, training significantly increased the amount of serotonin (P<0.05), and tyrosine hydroxylase (P<0.05).
Conclusion: In general, the findings of this study showed that moderate-intensity aerobic training can reduce the biochemical and motor disorders induced by 6-hydroxydopamine injections in rats’ models of Parkinson's disease.

Keywords

References

Aghasi, Mohammad; Fallah Mohammadi, Zia; Hajizadeh Moghaddam, Akbar( 2013).The Effect of Premedication on Oppositional Practice on the Level of Dopamine and Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Parkinson's Rat. Journal of Sport Biosciences, Vol 5, No 3; 41 – 52.

https://doi.org/10.22059/jsb.2013.32185 (In Persian)

Aguiar, A. S. Araújo, A. L. da-Cunha, T. R. Speck, A. E. Ignácio, Z. M. De-Mello, N. & Prediger, R. D. (2009). Physical exercise improves motor and short-term social memory deficits in reserpinized rats. Brain research bulletin, 79(6), 452-457. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.05.005

Amblard, B., Assaiante, C., Vaugoyeau, M., Baroni, G., Ferrigno, G., & Pedotti, A. (2001). Voluntary head stabilisation in space during oscillatory trunk movements in the frontal plane performed before, during and after a prolonged period of weightlessness. Experimental brain research, 137, 170-179.https://doi.org/ 10.1136/jnnp.2004.050666

Benloucif, S., Keegan, M. J., & Galloway, M. P. (1993). Serotonin-facilitated dopamine release in vivo: pharmacological characterization. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 265(1), 373-377.

Berwid OG, Halperin JM. (2012).Emerging support for a role of exercise in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder intervention planning. Cur Psychiatry Rep;14(5):543-51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-012-0297-4

De Deurwaerdere P. Navailles S. Berg K.A. Clark W.P. Spampinato U. (2004).Constitutive activity of the serotonin 2C receptor inhibits in vivo dopamine release in the rat striatum and nucleus acumens, J. Neurosci, 24(13), 3235-3241. https://doi.org/ 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0112-04.2004

Dauer W, Przedborski S. (2003).Parkinson's disease: mechanisms and models. Neuron,39(6),889-909. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00568-3

Dupre, K. B., Eskow, K. L., Barnum, C. J., & Bishop, C. (2008). Striatal 5-HT1A receptor stimulation reduces D1 receptor-induced dyskinesia and improves movement in the hemiparkinsonian rat. Neuropharmacology, 55(8), 1321-1328.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.08.031

Fallahmohammadi, Z., Hajizadehmoghadam, A., Aghasi, M. O. H. A. M. M. A. D., & Esmaeili, A. (2013). Neuroprotective effects of voluntary exercise and hydroalcoholic extraction of Eriobotrya Japonica on dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase in the striatum of Parkinsonian rats. Koomesh, 15(1). (In Persian)

Gorton, L. M., Vuckovic, M. G., Vertelkina, N., Petzinger, G. M., Jakowec, M. W., & Wood, R. I. (2010). Exercise effects on motor and affective behavior and catecholamine neurochemistry in the MPTP-lesioned mouse. Behavioural brain research, 213(2), 253-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2010.05.009

Hirsch MA, Toole T, Maitland CG, Rider RA. (2003). The effects of balance training and high-intensity resistance training on persons with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 84(8): 1109-17.https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-9993(03)00046-7

Kandel, E. R., Schwartz, J. H., Jessell, T. M., Siegelbaum, S., Hudspeth, A. J., & Mack, S. (Eds.). (2000). Principles of neural science (Vol. 4, pp. 1227-1246). New York: McGraw-hill.