Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license
Authors
1 Assistant Professor, Hakim Sabzevari University of Sabzevar, Sabzevar, Iran.
2 . Department of Motor behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Hakim Sabzavari, Sabzavar, Iran
3 Department of Motor behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Hakim Sabzavari, Sabzavar, Iran
4 Department of Motor behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: During their careers, sports referees are influenced by various internal and external factors and have different and diverse lived experiences that can affect their performance. Therefore, the aim of the current research was to investigate the psycho-social experiences of sports referees.
Methods: In terms of methodology, this research is in the field of qualitative studies of the phenomenological type. The participants in the research included male and female referees in different team sports disciplines in 1400-1401, who had at least three years of judging experience in provincial leagues up to national professional leagues. The participants in the study were selected through purposeful sampling. Sampling continued until the stage of reaching saturation, and finally, 20 referees from different fields participated in the research. The research tool was a semi-structured interview. In order to analyze the qualitative data, the seven-step Colisei method was used. Also, to avoid bias and convergence, multi-strain (data, researcher) was utilized.
Results: Based on the analysis of the findings of the present research, there are three main themes related to pleasant experiences, including problem-oriented coping strategies, using mental skills, and mental resilience/toughness. Additionally, three main themes related to unpleasant experiences were identified, including job stress, cognitive anxiety, and depression.
Conclusion: The results have shown that the work of refereeing has had both pleasant and unpleasant psychological and social effects on Iranian referees.Therefore, awareness and mutual understanding of these experiences can be the basis for necessary decisions by managers and sports officials of the country.
Keywords
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