Motor Development and Learning
Fatemeh Keshvari; Alireza Farsi; Behrouz Abdoli
Abstract
Purpose: This study investigated the brain’s electrical activity underlying sustained attention in elite athletes during an targeting task.
Methods: Sixteen elite male basketball players (M = 22.06, SD = 1.56 years) voluntarily participated. Data were recorded using a 32-channel wireless electroencephalography ...
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Purpose: This study investigated the brain’s electrical activity underlying sustained attention in elite athletes during an targeting task.
Methods: Sixteen elite male basketball players (M = 22.06, SD = 1.56 years) voluntarily participated. Data were recorded using a 32-channel wireless electroencephalography (EEG) device during five free throws and within a three-second time window. For quantitative analysis, the absolute power of the theta frequency band (4–8 Hz) was calculated at four primary midline scalp electrodes: Fz, Cz, Pz, and Oz.The resulting electrophysiological data were subsequently analyzed using a robust 2×3×4 repeated measures Analysis of Variance, specifically implemented for statistically comparing the differences between successful and unsuccessful throws.
Results: Results demonstrated that Theta band activity at the Fz electrode was significantly higher compared to other regions (Cz, Pz, Oz). Furthermore, in successful throws, Theta band activity at the Fz electrode was significantly greater than in unsuccessful throws. A similar significant difference was also observed in the Pz electrode, but no difference was found in the Cz and Oz electrodes.
Conclusion: In summary, the results of this study confirm the vital role of Midline Frontal Theta in the sustained attention and cognitive control of elite athletes. Success in the free throw is associated with the enhancement of Theta activity at the Fz electrode. This key marker (Midline Theta) is considered vital not only for optimal attentional allocation but also for the formulation and development of effective cognitive protocols within the domain of sports performance.
Seyedeh Bahar Banikarimi; Habib Hadianfard; Robabeh Rostami
Abstract
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), is one of the common neurodevelopmental disorders in children, can produce several cognitive, social and educational difficulties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of fundamental motor skills (FMS) on cognitive impulsivity, motor ...
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Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), is one of the common neurodevelopmental disorders in children, can produce several cognitive, social and educational difficulties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of fundamental motor skills (FMS) on cognitive impulsivity, motor impulsivity and sustained attention in primary school children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design. The study population consists of all elementary school students of Shiraz schools. The sample used for the study was 38 students with ADHD symptoms which was selected by multi-level sampling based on SNAP-IV and randomly divided in two groups, experiment (21 subjects) and control (17 subjects). The experimental group trained for ten sessions in the FMS program and the control group dealt its daily activities. Then one session before and after of interventions all of the two groups were measured with using of continuous performance, dexterity, porteus maze and passing test. Data were analyzed by mixed repeated measures ANOVA and indicate that FMS training can have a positive effect on children performance in motor impulsivity, but there was no evidence of the effect of mentioned interventions on Cognitive impulsivity and sustained attention. According to the findings of the study, can be concluded that short term FMS training can be useful in controlling movement and impulses in children with ADHD symptoms.
