Motor Development and Learning
shole farahmand; elahe arabameri; shahzad tahmasebi boroujeni; Mehdi M Mirbagheri; morteza heidari
Abstract
Introduction: Researches that investigated the function of the upper limb of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy, used single-handed tasks including the technique of limiting the healthy hand initially and then the approach of bimanual movement, such as intensive bimanual therapy, but the research ...
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Introduction: Researches that investigated the function of the upper limb of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy, used single-handed tasks including the technique of limiting the healthy hand initially and then the approach of bimanual movement, such as intensive bimanual therapy, but the research that investigate the effect of bimanual handball catching exercises, not observed. the purpose of this study was to investigate hand performance after bimanual catching handball exercises in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
Methods: The participants were 5 children referred to Fakhr Sadegh Clinic with an average age (10.2±2.28) who were selected Convenience. The parents of the children completed the consent form. Each participant was tested once before and once after training using the Purdue pegboard test, and the performance of one-handed, two-handed simultaneously and consecutively was checked. The participants performed two 30-minute sessions of bimanual exercises every week for a total of six weeks.
Results: The results were analyzed through spss27 software. Paired t-test showed that the performance of the less affected hand and consecutive bimanual coordination increased significantly, but simultaneous bimanual coordination did not improve significantly. Also, the Wilcoxon test did not show a significant improvement in the more affected hand.
Conclusion: The improvement of consecutive bimanual coordination after bimanual catching handball exercises can be due to the use of the ball, which improved the cognitive dimension more than the motor dimension
Morteza Pourazar; Fazollah Bagherzadeh; Davood Hoominian
Abstract
Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of training interventions using the Virtual Reality (VR) approach on the proprioceptive function of elbow joints in children with hemiplegia.Methods: Twenty boys with cerebral palsy, aged 7 to 12 years, were selected based on available sampling ...
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Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of training interventions using the Virtual Reality (VR) approach on the proprioceptive function of elbow joints in children with hemiplegia.Methods: Twenty boys with cerebral palsy, aged 7 to 12 years, were selected based on available sampling by referring to special schools in Tehran and were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. Kinect Xbox 360 device (Microsoft, New York, USA) was used as a therapeutic tool for VR interventions. A gyroscope device was used to measure the elbow’s joint position sense. The experimental group participated in the VR program, but the control group continued their traditional therapy program. Paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test were used at the P<0.05 level of significance using SPSS version 18 software.Results: In pre-test phase, no significant difference was found in the joint position sense (t=0.07, df=18, p=0.944). In post-test phase, VR training led to better scores for the experimental group (t=2.3, df = 18, p=0.03). Based on the results of the paired sample t-test, VR training resulted in significant improvement in the joint position sense of experimental group (t=4.061, df = 9, p=0.003).Conclusion: VR can be used as a suitable therapy method to improve the proprioceptive sense in hemiplegic cerebral palsy children. This type of therapy resulted in a significant improvement in the joint position sense of hemiplegic cerebral palsy children, as it lets them explore new experiences that would be difficult or dangerous for them under normal situation.
Morteza Pourazar; Fazlolah Bagherzadeh; Davoud Houmanian
Abstract
Defects such as spasm, concurrent muscle activity, muscle weakness, and range of motion affect the fine and fine motor function of children with cerebral palsy and lead to movement limitations. Despite the potential of using virtual reality in the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy, few studies ...
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Defects such as spasm, concurrent muscle activity, muscle weakness, and range of motion affect the fine and fine motor function of children with cerebral palsy and lead to movement limitations. Despite the potential of using virtual reality in the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy, few studies have been conducted in this area.The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of movement practices in virtual reality environment on range of motion in cerebral palsy children. Twenty children 7-12 years old with cerebral palsy were selected by a convenience sampling method. Participants were homogeneously placed in experimental and control groups based on the average scores. The experimental group performed bowling practice in virtual environment for 3 weeks, but the control group continued their traditional therapy program. Xbox device and universal goniometer were used as instruments. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and Analyze of Covariance (ANCOVA) were used at p < 0.05 level. Based on MACNOVA test results, there was a significant difference between experimental and control groups at least in one dependent variable (shoulder, elbow, & wrist range of motion) (F = 96/43, p= 0/001). Based on the results of ANCOVA test, experimental group achieved higher averages in shoulder, elbow and wrist range of motion than control group. Virtual reality technology can be used as a treatment approach for improving upper extremity range of motion in children with hemiplegic cerebral Palsy.
Fatemeh Mirakhori; Morteza Pourazar; Fazlollah Bagherzadeh
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of motor practices using virtual reality practices on static balance of children with cerebral palsy.Twenty girls with cerebral palsy (ranged 7-12 years old) were selected by a convenience sampling method and were divided into the experimental ...
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The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of motor practices using virtual reality practices on static balance of children with cerebral palsy.Twenty girls with cerebral palsy (ranged 7-12 years old) were selected by a convenience sampling method and were divided into the experimental and control groups. The apparatus of the study was Xbox device. Sharpend Rumberg Test was used to assess the static balance scores. Experimental group performed their practice in the virtual environment during 4 weeks, 3 days per week, and 1 hour per day. Control group continued their common occupational therapy programs. MANCOVA and ANCOVA Tests were used at p
Fazlollah Bagherzadeh; Fatemeh Mirakhori; Morteza Pourazar
Abstract
Self-controlled feedback is a kind of augmented feedback which is represented by the request of learner. The aim of the present study was to compare self–control and instructor-control feedbacks after good and poor trials on acquisition and learning of a throwing task in children with cerebral ...
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Self-controlled feedback is a kind of augmented feedback which is represented by the request of learner. The aim of the present study was to compare self–control and instructor-control feedbacks after good and poor trials on acquisition and learning of a throwing task in children with cerebral palsy. 60 children with cerebral palsy (age range: 7-12 years old) were selected by convenience sampling method from special schools in Tehran city. Participants were randomly divided into three groups: instructor-control feedback after good trials, instructor-control feedback after poor trials, and self-control feedback. At the end of the acquisition phase, participants of self–control group were divided into 2 groups (self–control feedback after good trials and self–control feedback after poor trails). One-way ANOVA test and Tukey post hoc test were used at (P<0.05). In the acquisition phase, no significant differences were observed among the groups (P=0.64). But self-control feedback group after good trials outperformed all groups in retention (P=0.001) and transfer (P=0.001) phases. In instructor-control condition, among those participants receiving feedback after good trials and in feedback received after poor trials condition, self-control subjects showed more progress. Thus, due to the low capacity of information processing in children, motivational role of feedback in self-control condition and after good trials leads to their better learning.
Morteza Pourazar; Rasool Hemayattalab; Elahe Arabameri
Abstract
Cerebral palsy is a term commonly used for conditions characterized by motor dysfunction due to non-progressive brain damage in early life. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of self-control and experimental-control feedback frequencies on the acquisition, retention and transfer of a throwing ...
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Cerebral palsy is a term commonly used for conditions characterized by motor dysfunction due to non-progressive brain damage in early life. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of self-control and experimental-control feedback frequencies on the acquisition, retention and transfer of a throwing task in children with spastic cerebral palsy. From 1750 students with cerebral palsy in Tehran special schools, 30 children (7-12 years old) with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy (SHCP) were selected by a convenience sampling method. A pretest consisting of 10 trials was performed to homogenize the participants. Participants were randomly divided into three self-control groups (with 25%, 50% and 75% feedback frequencies) and three experimental-control groups (with 25%, 50% and 75% feedback frequencies) in acquisition, retention, and transfer phases. In the acquisition phase, subjects completed 10 blocks of 8 trials (total of 80 trials). Retention and transfer phases were conducted 24 hours after the acquisition phase. These phases consisted of 10 trials without feedback, except that the subjects performed the transfer phase from 4m distance (vs. 3m distance in acquisition and retention phases). One-way ANOVA test showed no significant difference between the groups receiving the same frequencies (self-control and experimental-control groups) in the acquisition phase while self-control group outperformed in retention and transfer phases. Furthermore, participants who received higher feedback frequencies (self-control or experimental-control group) outperformed those in lower feedback frequencies in all acquisition, retention, and transfer phases. Thus, while the advantages of self-control feedback against experimental-control feedback were observed in the same feedback frequencies, it seems that children use feedbacks in a manner different from adults during motor learning. Thus children may require higher feedback frequencies than adults in order to optimize their motor learning.
Ali Akbar Jaberi Moghadam; Akram Mashalahi; Farhad Ghadiri; Masoud Soleimani
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the health-related quality of life between active and inactive boys with cerebral palsy (CP) aged between 13 and 18. For this purpose, out of 150 CP students of guidance and high schools, 28 subjects were selected randomly. The subjects were divided into two ...
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The aim of the present study was to compare the health-related quality of life between active and inactive boys with cerebral palsy (CP) aged between 13 and 18. For this purpose, out of 150 CP students of guidance and high schools, 28 subjects were selected randomly. The subjects were divided into two groups of active (14 boys) and inactive (14 boys) according to physical activity questionnaire. The kid screen questionnaire with 10 subscales of physical well-being, psychological well-being, mood and emotions, self-perception, autonomy, relationship with parents and home, peer and social support, school environment, social acceptance and financial resources was used to test the proposed hypotheses. The reliability and validity of this instrument was confirmed (p=0.85). Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to analyze the data. The results showed that active cerebral palsy boys have higher health-related quality of life (p<0.05). In subscales, active students were better in physical well-being, mood and emotions, psychological well-being, financial resources and peer and social support than inactive students (P<0.05) but in self-concept, autonomy, social acceptance, school environment and relationship with parents and home, no significant difference was observed between the two groups (P>0.05). The results of this study indicated that positive attitudes of active children towards themselves related to their regular physical activity.
