Motor Development and Learning
Moniralsadat Arvin; Zohreh Meshkati; Rokhsareh Badami
Abstract
Purpose and context: Executive brain functions are a vital indicator of athletic success, and one of the interventions that can affect them is quadrato exercises. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of these exercises at the behavioral level on the executive function ...
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Purpose and context: Executive brain functions are a vital indicator of athletic success, and one of the interventions that can affect them is quadrato exercises. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of these exercises at the behavioral level on the executive function of semi-skilled athletes.
Research method: A total of 100 semi-skilled female athletes participating in club levels of shooting sports in the age range of 15 to 18 years were selected from among the shooters of Yazd province using an accessible method and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. In separate sessions, each of the Wisconsin, N-Back, and Flanker card tests was taken to measure executive function. The intervention of Quadrato exercises was performed for 6 minutes every day for 28 days. Then, the post-test was taken according to the pre-test. The data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate covariance tests in SPSS version 26 software and the significance level was considered (p<0.05).
Findings: The findings showed that quadrato exercises improved response inhibition by 12.6%, working memory by 21.6%, and cognitive flexibility by 18%.
Conclusion: The results of this research were in line with the structural and functional research of the brain. Quadrato motor training at the behavioral level had a positive effect on the three cores of executive function (cognitive flexibility, working memory, response inhibition) and can be a suitable intervention to increase the executive function of athletes.
Motor Development and Learning
Muthanna Kadhim Jasim Al-Graee; Farzaneh Davari; Mazin hadi kzar Altaie; Zohreh Meshkati
Abstract
Introduction: Although transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the cerebellum appears to be an effective method for improving balance in elderly individuals compared to other brain regions, no comparative studies have been conducted on the effects of tDCS on the cerebellum versus the dorsolateral ...
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Introduction: Although transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the cerebellum appears to be an effective method for improving balance in elderly individuals compared to other brain regions, no comparative studies have been conducted on the effects of tDCS on the cerebellum versus the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) on static balance in elderly men. The present study aimed to compare the effects of tDCS on the cerebellum and dlPFC on static balance in elderly men.
Methods: This semi-experimental study employed a pre-test-post-test design with 60 healthy elderly men aged 60 to 80 who volunteered to participate. Participants were randomly assigned to four groups of 15 individuals each: tDCS of the cerebellum, tDCS of the left dlPFC, sham tDCS of the cerebellum, and sham tDCS of the dlPFC. Static balance was assessed pre- and post-intervention using a force plate over three 30-second attempts. The intervention lasted two weeks, consisting of five consecutive sessions per week, each session lasting 20 minutes. Data were analyzed using univariate covariance analysis.
Results: The findings indicated that both tDCS of the cerebellum and dlPFC significantly improved static balance (anterior-posterior and central-lateral displacement of the center of pressure) in elderly men (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the effects of tDCS on the cerebellum and dlPFC regarding static balance in elderly men (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it is recommended that trainers and geriatric specialists utilize the benefits of tDCS on the cerebellum and dlPFC to improve static balance in elderly men.
Motor Development and Learning
Vahid Khajeh; Zohreh Meshkati
Abstract
Introduction: Early childhood parent-child relationship is vital to emotional development and mental health, this study was intended to explore a movement-based (quality time) relationship between mothers and their preschool-aged Childs and the outcome on attachment styles and anxiety symptoms.
Methods: ...
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Introduction: Early childhood parent-child relationship is vital to emotional development and mental health, this study was intended to explore a movement-based (quality time) relationship between mothers and their preschool-aged Childs and the outcome on attachment styles and anxiety symptoms.
Methods: This study was a non-randomized quasi-experimental post-test design conducted in the city of Isfahan. It involved 24 children aged 3 to 5 years old and their mothers, who participated in 18 joint mother-child physical activity sessions based on Teraplay therapeutic play principles. A control group consisting of 16 children received no intervention. Attachment was assessed using the Kinship Center Attachment Questionnaire (KCAQ), and child anxiety was measured using the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale – Parent version (SCAS-P). Initial data analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), controlling for maternal age and prior participation of the child in sports classes before the intervention.
Results: The level of attachment in the experimental group was significantly higher (p < 0.01) while anxiety level was significantly lower (p < 0.04) than that of the control group. Reductions in avoidance and negative attachment were also seen.
Conclusion: The results support that structured mother-child physical activities can foster secure attachment and decrease anxiety in young children. These results support the feasibility of using movement-based therapeutic interventions in early child mental health and parenting programs.
Hossein Heydari; Rokhsareh Badami; Zohreh Meshkati
Abstract
AbstractIntroduction and Purpose: the purpose of the current study was to examine the comparison of the effect of sports vision training with and without inline hockey specific context on the speed and whole body reaction time of inline hockey players.Methods: In this semi experimental study, which was ...
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AbstractIntroduction and Purpose: the purpose of the current study was to examine the comparison of the effect of sports vision training with and without inline hockey specific context on the speed and whole body reaction time of inline hockey players.Methods: In this semi experimental study, which was performed with a pre-test-post-test design with a one- and four-week follow-up period, 60 novice male hockey players with an age range of 15 to For 20 years, they were accessibility selected and randomly divided into three groups: sports vision training with hockey specific context, sports vision training without hockey specific context and hockey specific context training. In the pre-test phase, the participants performed the desired tests (speed and whole body reaction time). The intervention phase lasted for nine weeks and 2 sessions per week and each session lasted 90 minutes, in which the groups did the relevant exercises. In the post-test phase, which was performed exactly after the last training session, and in the follow-up phase, which was performed after one and four weeks of non-training, the participants performed the desired tests as in the pre-test phase. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that sports vision exercises with and without hockey specific context and hockey specific context exercises have a significant effect on improving speed and whole body reaction time of inline hockey players. Other results indicated that superiority (greater effect size) of sports vision exercises with hockey specific context compared to other exercises.
Nayereh Shamshiri; Zohreh Meshkati; Rokhsareh Badami
Abstract
Introduction and Purpose: the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sport vision training on accuracy and targeting-interceptive skill quiet eye in children with learning disorder.Methods: In this semi- experimental study with a repeated-measure design, 30 boys aged 7-10 years with learning ...
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Introduction and Purpose: the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sport vision training on accuracy and targeting-interceptive skill quiet eye in children with learning disorder.Methods: In this semi- experimental study with a repeated-measure design, 30 boys aged 7-10 years with learning disorder were divided into sport vision and control groups. In the pre-test phase, participants performed 10 trails to throw and catch task the ball. Acquisition phase have done in eight weeks and three sessions in per weeks. At the end of the last training session, in the post-test phase, in two weeks of detraining in the retention and transfer phases, the participants performed 10 trials to throw and catch task the ball. At each phase, the gaze behavior was recorded by eye tracker system and the throw and catch task performance was recorded by the researcher. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measures with 0.05 significant levels.Results: The results indicated that sport vision training has a significant effect on increasing the accuracy of targeting-interceptive skills and on increase quiet eye period of throw phase. But, other result indicated that sport vision training has not effect on quiet eye of catching phase.Conclusion: In general, the results of the current study emphasize the importance of sports vision training on the performance of children with learning disabilities; However, more research is needed on the effect of sports vision training on gaze behavior according to the type of task (targeting or interceptive).
Nayereh Shamshiri; Zohreh Meshkati; Rokhsareh Badami
Abstract
Introduction: Children with learning disorder have more inefficient use of gaze strategies in various tasks.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of quiet eye training on muscle activity and targeting-interceptive skill accuracy in children with learning disorder.Methods: In this ...
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Introduction: Children with learning disorder have more inefficient use of gaze strategies in various tasks.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of quiet eye training on muscle activity and targeting-interceptive skill accuracy in children with learning disorder.Methods: In this semi- experimental study with a repeated-measure design, 30 boys aged 7-10 years with learning disorder were divided into quiet eye and control groups . In the pre-test phase, participants performed 10 trails to throw and catch task the ball. Acquisition phase have done in eight weeks and three sessions in per weeks. In per session after the video-gaze exercises, 10 trials were performed to throw and catch task in accordance with the gaze exercises instructions. At the end of the last training session, in the post-test phase, in two weeks of detraining in the retention and transfer phases, the participants performed 10 trials to throw and catch task the ball. At each phase, the selected muscle electrical activity was recorded by electromyography and the throw and catch task performance was recorded by the researcher. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measures with 0.05 significant levels.Results: The results indicated that quiet eye training have a significant effect on increasing the learning of targeting-interceptive skills and on reducing the muscles electrical activity.Conclusion: The results of this study support the pre-programming hypothesis on the importance of planning and choosing the correct answer.
