Kosar Abbaspour; Moahammadtaghi Aghdasi; Zahra Fathirezaie; Seyed Hojjat Zamani Sani; Stefan Schneider
Abstract
Introduction: Although vision is the dominant sensory system in sports, many situations require multisensory integration. It is noteworthy that the effect of auditory stimuli with visual stimuli in athletes has not been comprehensively investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the ...
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Introduction: Although vision is the dominant sensory system in sports, many situations require multisensory integration. It is noteworthy that the effect of auditory stimuli with visual stimuli in athletes has not been comprehensively investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of unisensory and multisensory information processing on decision-making under pressure.Methods: The study was conducted as a quasi-experimental design with a statistical population of elite male badminton players. Thirteen of them were selected by simple random sampling. The players were required to respond correctly in a badminton spatial decision-making task under four conditions (visual stimulus, auditory stimulus, congruent visual-auditory stimulus, and incongruent visual-auditory stimulus) in two normal and under-pressure conditions. PsychoPy software was used to design the task and assess decision-making accuracy, and for statistical analysis, repeated measures variance (2×4) was used at a significance level of 0.05.Results: The results indicated that the decision-making accuracy of elite badminton players in the congruent visual-auditory condition (multisensory) was significantly better than the unisensory visual and auditory conditions separately, especially under pressure. Additionally, decision-making accuracy in the incongruent visual-auditory condition was significantly lower than in the other three conditions.Conclusion: It can be concluded that multisensory integration (visual-auditory) enhances decision-making accuracy in elite badminton players more than unisensory processing (either visual or auditory), which can be explained based on information processing theory. The results also showed that decision-making in all four sensory conditions under pressure was better than in normal conditions, which can be attributed to the high level of experience and skill of athletes in pressure conditions.
Niloufar Zamani Fard; Daryoush Khajavi; Ahmad Ghotbi Varzaneh
Abstract
Introduction and Purpose: the current study was to examine the effect of quiet eye training on decision making, gaze behavior and tennis service skill learning.Methods: In this semi-experimental study, which was performed with a pre-test-post-test design with a 14-day follow-up period, ...
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Introduction and Purpose: the current study was to examine the effect of quiet eye training on decision making, gaze behavior and tennis service skill learning.Methods: In this semi-experimental study, which was performed with a pre-test-post-test design with a 14-day follow-up period, 30 novices male tennis players of Isfahan House with an age range of 20 to 30 were selected and those located in quiet eye training and control groups. In the pre-test phase, the participants performed 12 tennis services, which also measured the participants' gaze behavior during the operation. Participants' service was also recorded by GoPro camera to measure decision making. In addition, participants' performance was recorded by the researcher. Then, the experimental group performed the desired exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week and 30 minutes per session. During this period, the control group performed their daily activities. At the end of 24 practice sessions, the post-test phase, and two weeks after the last session, the retention phase was performed as the pre-test phase. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance.Results: The results showed that quiet eye training have a significant effect on improving decision making, increasing the length of the quiet eye period and increasing the performance of the tennis service (P <0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study support the pre programming hypothesis that the importance of planning and choosing the correct answer.
Reyhaneh Rahdar Beik Qomi; Mehdi Shahbazi
Abstract
Decision making plays an important role in sport activities and is directly associated with sporting success or failure. On the other hand, one of the key issues in psychology of sports and behavioral sciences is sport orientation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of ...
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Decision making plays an important role in sport activities and is directly associated with sporting success or failure. On the other hand, one of the key issues in psychology of sports and behavioral sciences is sport orientation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of action and state orientation with decision making behavior of expert female football players. 27 players who attended competitions for at least 8 years participated in the present study. Action Control Scale (ACS-90) was used to specify action or state orientation of players. Then, to evaluate the performance of decision making of players, the images of real football situations were used. The players were required to respond correctly to one of the existing options (shooting, dribbling, passing). K-S test was applied to examine normal data distribution and multiple regression and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze data at significance level of 0.05. Results showed a significance correlation between action orientation and accuracy and decision making behavior of action players (P<0.05); however, this correlation was not significant between action orientation and speed of decision making (P>0.05). Moreover, results indicated no significant relationships between state orientation and variables (accuracy, speed and decision making behavior) of state players (P>0.05). Finally, it can be inferred that action orientation in expert players has a correlation with accuracy in decision making and risk taking choices and it can facilitate reaching their goals.
Fatemeh Rezaei; Mahdi Shahbazi; Fazollah Bagherzadeh
Abstract
Skillful performance in soccer requires not only sound techniques but also quickand accurate decision making. These decisions are usually made in variousintensities of practice and performance. The main aim of this study was toinvestigate the effect of different levels of arousal and training intensity ...
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Skillful performance in soccer requires not only sound techniques but also quickand accurate decision making. These decisions are usually made in variousintensities of practice and performance. The main aim of this study was toinvestigate the effect of different levels of arousal and training intensity on decisionmaking (speed and accuracy) of expert female soccer players. For this purpose, 16expert female soccer players (mean age 22.4±3.8 yr) with 8 or more years ofcompetitive experience were voluntarily selected from Tehran women's premierleague. Soccer related photographs on a computer monitor were used to evaluatethe decision making task; participants had to decide which action they wouldundertake (shoot, pass, dribble). Three different levels of arousal (low: with nospectators, medium: with silent spectators and high: with cheering spectators) inthree different levels of intensity (resting, 40% of HRmax, 80% of HRmax) weredesigned. To measure the accuracy and speed of decision making, parametricmethod of MANOVA, 3(training intensity levels) in 3 (arousal levels), was used. Tototally compare the groups, one-way analysis of variance, ANOVA with repeatedmeasures and Tukey post hoc test were used at α=95%. The results showed nosignificant difference in the speed of decision making among different arousallevels (P>0.05) while a significant difference was observed in the accuracy ofdecision making among different arousal levels (P˂0.05). The speed of decisionmaking improved in the low and medium arousal levels through an increase intraining intensity while no significant difference was observed in the speed ofdecision making in high arousal level among different intensity levels (P>0.05).Furthermore, the accuracy of decision making showed no significant difference inlow and high arousal levels among different intensity levels (P>0.05). Theaccuracy of decision making improved in low arousal level through an increase intraining intensity. These finding showed that training intensity and arousalseparately influenced each decision making component.
