نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکدة ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران

2 کارشناسارشد رفتار حرکتی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکدة ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران

چکیده

فعالیت بدنی آثار فیزیولوژیک، روان‌شناختی و اجتماعی مثبتی دارد. با وجود این، رابطة فعالیت بدنی با افسردگی سالمندان در کشور ناشناخته ‌است. این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی ارتباط فعالیت بدنی با افسردگی طراحی شد. جامعة آماری، سالمندان شهر اراک در سال 1392 بودند که 263 نفر در تحقیق شرکت کردند. داده‌ها با پرسشنامة "ویژگی‌های جمعیت‌شناختی"، "مقیاس افسردگی سالمندان-فرم 15سؤالی" و "سنجش سریع فعالیت بدنی" (RAPA) جمع‌آوری و با ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل رگرسیون خطی، آزمون تی، آنالیز کوواریانس و با نرم‌افزار SPSS-16 تحلیل شد.  
یافته‌ها نشان داد افسردگی با سن، اشتغال، سابقة افتادن، وضعیت اقتصادی، فعالیت بدنی، تحصیلات و سلامتی ادراک‌شده رابطة معنا‌داری دارد ( 05/0P≤). متغیرهای فعالیت بدنی، سابقة افتادن در یک‌سال گذشته، وضعیت اقتصادی و سلامتی ادراک‌شده افسردگی را پیش‌بینی کردند (R2= 0.358; P≤0.05). میانگین نمرة فعالیت بدنی مردان سالمند از زنان سالمند به‌طور معنا‌داری بالاتر بود. میانگین نمرة فعالیت بدنی سالمندان 60 تا 69 سال نسبت به همتایان 70 تا 79 سال و 80 سال و بالاتر نیز به‌طور معنا‌داری بالاتر بود ( 05/0P≤). در میانگین نمرة افسردگی، تفاوت مرتبط با سن و جنس یافت نشد. این یافته‌ها بر تأثیر فعالیت بدنی بر افسردگی در سالمندی تأکید دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Predicting Depressive Symptoms of the Elderly According to Physical Activity Level and Demographic Characteristics: Examining the Role of Age and Gender

نویسندگان [English]

  • Daryoosh Khajavi 1
  • Razieh Khanmohamadi 2

1 Assistant Professor, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, Humanities Faculty, Arak University, Arak, Iran

2 MSc of Motor Behavior, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, Humanities Faculty, Arak University, Arak, Iran

چکیده [English]

Physical activity has physiological, psychological, and social positive effects. However, the relationship between physical activities and depression of the elderly in the country is unknown. This study was designed to examine the relationship between physical activity and depression. The statistical population consisted of the elderly of Arak city in 2013 and 263 subjects participate in the study. Data were collected with demographic characteristics questionnaire, Geriatric Depression Scale-short form, and Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) and analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficient, linear regression analysis, t test, ANCOVA test with SPSS-16 software. Findings indicated a significant relationship between depression and age, employment, fall history, economic status, physical activity, education, perceived health (P0.05). Variables of physical activity, fall history in the past year, economic status, and perceived health predicted depression (R2=0.358; P0.05). Mean score of physical activity in the male elderly was significantly higher than their female counterparts, and mean score of physical activity in 60-69-year-old group was significantly higher than their counterparts in 70-79 and ≤ 80-year-old groups (P0.05). There were no significant differences between age and gender and mean score of depression. These findings emphasize the importance of the effect of physical activity on depression in the elderly. 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Depression
  • Fall
  • Perceived Health
  • Physical Activity
  • the elderly
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