نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکدة تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استاد گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکدة تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد رفتار حرکتی، دانشکدة تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف از مطالعۀ حاضر، بررسی تأثیر شیوه‌های مختلف خودگفتاری انگیزشی، آموزشی و ترکیبی بر اکتساب و یادگیری یک تکلیف ادراکی حرکتی (دارت) و خودکارامدی جسمانی در دانش‌آموزان دختر 18-13 ساله بود. 48 دانش‌آموز دختر با میانگین سنی 46/15 سال که در پرتاب دارت مبتدی بودند،  داوطلبانه در این پژوهش شرکت کردند. آزمودنی‌ها پس از شرکت در جلسۀ آموزشی و پیش‌آزمون به چهار گروه 12 نفری شامل گروه‌های خودگفتاری انگیزشی، آموزشی، انگیزشی-آموزشی و تمرین جسمانی تقسیم شدند. دورۀ مداخله شامل 10 جلسه اکتساب، دو جلسه آزمون یادداری و یک جلسه آزمون انتقال بود. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از تحلیل واریانس یکراهه و تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر استفاده شد. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان داد که در مراحل اکتساب، یادداری فوری و یادداری تأخیری شیوه‌های خودگفتاری ترکیبی (انگیزشی-آموزشی) و آموزشی بیشتر از خودگفتاری انگیزشی و تمرین جسمانی به بهبود عملکرد پرتاب دارت در نوجوانان 18-13 ساله منجر شد. در مرحلۀ انتقال بهترین عملکرد مربوط به شیوۀ خودگفتاری آموزشی بود و سه شیوۀ دیگر به یک اندازه عملکرد داشتند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که مداخله‌های مختلف اثر معنا‌داری بر خودکارامدی جسمانی افراد نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of Different Methods of Self-Talk (Motivational, Instructional, and Combined) on Physical Efficacy, Acquisition and Learning of Dart Throw Task

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmadreza Movahedi 1
  • Abbas Bahram 2
  • Sahar Bordbar 3

1

2

3

چکیده [English]

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of different methods of self-talk (motivational, instructional, and combined) on acquisition and learning of a motor perceptional task (dart) and physical efficacy in female students aged between 13 and 18. 48 female students (mean age 15.46 yr) who were novice at dart throwing voluntarily participated in this study. Participants were divided into 4 groups including motivational self-talk, instructional self-talk, motivational-instructional self-talk and physical practice (12 students in each group) following an initial instructional session and pretest. The intervention included 10 sessions of acquisition, 2 sessions of retention test and one session of transfer test. One-way ANOVA and ANOVA with repeated measures were used to analyze data. Results showed that combined (motivational-instructional) and the instructional self-talk groups improved dart throwing performance in acquisition, immediate and delayed retention sessions in 13-18-year-old students compared with the motivational self-talk and physical exercise groups. Instructional self-talk group showed the best performance in transfer test while the other three groups showed almost similar performances. The results also showed that different interventions had no significant effects on physical self-efficacy of the participants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • combined self-talk
  • instructional self-talk
  • learning
  • motivational self-talk
  • physical self-efficacy
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