نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران،
2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران
3 استاد، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران،
4 استادیار، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی تأثیر تمرینات منتخب اسپارک بر تعادل و هماهنگی کودکان مبتلا به طیف اوتیسم است. تحقیق حاضر یک مطالعۀ نیمه‌تجربی است. بدین منظور 12 کودک اوتیسم با میانگین سنی 12-5 سال در این مطالعه شرکت کردند و به مدت سه ماه تحت مداخله براساس تمرینات منتخب اسپارک قرار گرفتند. شرکت‌کنندگان در 3 مرحلۀ پایه، پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون از نظر مهارت‌های حرکتی براساس تست برونینسکی-ازرتسکی ارزیابی شدند. به‌منظور آنالیز اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر داده‌‌های ناپارامتریک، از آزمون فریدمن استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که تمرینات منتخب اسپارک به‌طور معنا‌داری موجب بهبود مهارت تعادل پویا (001/0 (P<و هماهنگی دوطرفه (001/0 (P< شده است. به‌طور کلی می‌توان گفت که این تمرینات منتخب اسپارک بر بهبود محدودیت‌های حرکتی شدید کودکان مبتلا به اوتیسم تأثیر مثبتی دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Effects of Selected Spark Exercises on Balance and Coordination in Autistic Children: A Quasi-Experimental Study
نویسندگان [English]
- Mahboubeh Ghayour 1
- Mahmood Sheikh 2
- Rasool Hemayattalab 3
- Amirhossein Mmemari 4
1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of selected spark exercises on balance and coordination in autistic children. This study was semi-experimental. 12 autistic children (mean age 5-12 years) participated in this study. The subjects performed the intervention for 3 months based on selected spark exercises. The participants were evaluated in 3 stages (baseline, pretest and posttest) by Bruininks-Oseretsky test in terms of motor skills. Friedman test was used to analyze repeated measures of nonparametric data. The results showed that selected spark exercises significantly improved dynamic balance (P<0.001) and bilateral coordination (P<0.001). It can be generally stated that these selected spark exercises have a positive effect on the improvement of motor deficiencies in autistic children.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- autistic children
- balance
- coordination
- fundamental exercises
- spark exercises
1.Aggernaes B. “Autism: A transdiagnostic, dimensional, construct of reasoning?” The European journal of neuroscience. Apr 2017, 27.
- Ahmadi, J. Safari, T. hematian, M. Khalili, Z.” Psychometric Evaluation of diagnostic tests for autism. Journal of Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences”. 2011.1:87-108.
- American Psychiatric Association, “Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders” (text revision) 4th ed , 2000, Washington DC: 70-84.
- Jaco A, Mango D, Angelis F, et al. “Unbalance between Excitation and Inhibition in Phenylketonuria, a Genetic Metabolic Disease Associated with Autism”. International journal of molecular sciences. Apr , 2017,18-29.
- Jihyun L, David L, porretta. “Enhancing the motor skills of children with autisem spectrum disorders”. Journal of autism disorders 2013; 65:134-160.
- Kimberly A, Fournier, Chris J, Hass. “Motor Coordination in Autism Spectrum Disorders “: J Autism Dev Disorder;2010, 40: 1227–1240.
- Levison L, Cronin-Gdomb A, shamhamnn J D.” Neuropsychological consequences of cerebellar tumour” Research in children brain 2000; 123(5): 1041-1050.
- Liu L, Gao J, He X, Cai Y, Wang L, Fan X. “Association between assisted reproductive technology and the risk of autism spectrum disorders in the offspring: a meta-analysis”. Scientific reports. Apr, 2017, 62-70.
9- Lochbaum M, Crews D., “Viability of cardio respiratory and muscular strength
programs for the adolescent with autism”.Complementary Health Practice Review,2003, 8, 225–233.
10-Mostafavi R, Ziaee V, Akbari H, Haji-Hosseini S. “The Effects of SPARK Physical Education Program on Fundamental Motor Skills in 4-6 Year-Old Children”. Iranian journal of pediatrics. Apr , 2013, 23(2) , 216-219.
11- Nancy J, Minshew MD, KiBum S. “Underdevelopment of the postural control system in autism”. Royal Jubilee Hospital on November 2007; 15-16.
12- Oznoff S, Young F S, Goldring S, Hess L G. “Gross motor development movement abnormalities, and early identification of autism”. Dev disord 2008; 38: 644-656.
13- Parellada M, Pina-Camacho L, Moreno C, et al.” Insular pathology in young people with high-functioning autism and first-episode psychosis”. Psychological medicine. 2017, 11-24.
14- Pan CY, Tsai CL, Chu CH. "Fundamental movement skills in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder". Journal of autism and developmental disorders, . Dec, 2009, 39(12), 1696-1705.
15- Qiu A , Adler M,Crocetti D, Miller MI. “Basal gnglia shapes predict social, comminiucation, and motor dysfunctions in boys with autism spectrum disorder”.Journal of the American Academy of child & adolescent Psychiatry.2010; 49(6):539-51.e4.
16- Schahamann J D, Sherman J e. “The cerebllar cognitive acfective syndrome brain” 1998; 121(4): 561-579.
17- Wang J, Hui-Tzu ,"A study on gross motor skills of preschool children" ,J Res Child Educ (2004),49(3), 246-264.
18- Yimaz L, Yanardag M, Birkan B A, Bumin G. “Effects of swimming training on physical fitness and orientation in autism” . Pediarticles International 2004; 46: 624-626.
)