نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

 
در این پژوهش آثار برنامه‌ریزی آرایـش‌ تمرین و کانون توجه بر یادگیری مهارتی ورزشی بررسی شد. 40 دانش‌آموز دختر دبیرستانی (میانگین سن=  88/0 ± 02/16 سال) در حالی مهارت پرتاب دارت را با آرایش مسدود یا تصادفی تمرین کردند که توجه آنان با استفاده از تکالیف دوگانه، به مهارت (امتیازهای دارت) یا به علامت نامربوط (اصوات ثانویه) هدایت شد. تحلیل واریانس روی وضعیت پایه، مرحلۀ تمرین و آزمون انتقال تأخیری انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد همۀ گروه‌ها از وضعیت پایه تا آزمون انتقال تأخیری پیشرفت امتیازی معنادار داشتند. به‌علاوه‌، بیشترین پیشرفت از وضعیت پایه تا آزمون تأخیری در مقایسه با دیگر وضعیت‌ها، در شرایط تمرین تصادفی- توجه به عامل نامربوط دیده شد. به‌عنوان نتیجه‌گیری باید گفت پژوهش حاضر اطلاعات تازه‌ای در خصوص رابطۀ تعاملی آرایش تمرین و تمرکز توجه در طی یادگیری یک مهارت ورزشی فراهم کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of Practice Variability and Attention on Sport Skill Learning

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Salehi 1
  • Zahra Zamanpour Boroujeni 2

1 Associate Professor, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

2 M.Sc., Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

 
This study examined the effects of practice scheduling and attentional focus on learning a sport skill. 40 female high school students (mean age = 16.02 ± 0.88 years) practiced dart-throwing skill under either blocked or random practice schedules while their attention was directed to either the skill (dart scores) or an irrelevant cue (auditory tones) using dual-tasks. Analysis of variance were conducted at baseline, practice phase and a delayed transfer test. Results demonstrated a significant score improvement from baseline to delayed transfer test for all groups. Furthermore, the greatest improvement from baseline to delayed transfer test was observed in random-irrelevant condition compared with the other conditions. In conclusion, the current study provided new information about the interactive relationship between practice scheduling and attentional focus during learning a sport skill.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Contextual interference
  • dart throwing
  • dual-tasks
  • focus of attention
  • practice scheduling
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