نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I
نویسندگان
1 . دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران
2 دانشکده تربیت بدنی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج
3 . استادیار گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی، قزوین، ایران
چکیده
اختلال طیف اتیسم یکی از ناتوانایی‌های رشدی است که جمعیت قابل ملاحظه‌ای از افراد هر جامعه‌ای به آن مبتلا می‌شوند. کودکان اتیسم دارای سیستم بینایی ناموزون بوده و در هنگام دریافت محرک پاسخ خیره شده بیش از حد را از خود نشان می دهند. تحقیقات نشان داده اند که بینایی در اکثر فعالیت های حرکتی، به ویژه فعالیت های که نیاز به هدف گیری روی موقعیت هدف دارند نقش بسزایی دارد. تحقیق حاضر به بررسی کانونی کردن بینایی در بهبود یادگیری یک تکلیف پرتابی در کودکان اتیسم می‌پردازد. 24 پسر 10 ساله به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه بینایی ویژه و بینایی معمولی به اجرای تکلیف پرتابی پرداخته و نتایج بدست آمده با استفاده ازآزمون تی مستقل و آنوا با اندازه های تکراری تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. تفاوت معنی داری بین نمرات پیش آزمون و دوره اکتساب نشان می دهد (05/0 > p) که گروه بینایی ویژه توانستند تکلیف را به خوبی یاد بگیریند. همچنین کانونی کردن توجه به کودکان اتیسم در بهبود اجرای تکلیف پرتابی در مقایسه با گروه بینایی معمولی در یاددداری کمک بسزایی می کند. نتایج تحقیق حاضر بیان می کند که کانونی کردن بینایی شرایط یادگیری مهارت پرتابی را در کودکان اتیسم بهبود می بخشد. از طرفی کانونی کردن بینایی در کودکان اتیسم منجر به اجرای بهتر این مهارت پرتابی در یادداری در مقایسه با شرایط بینایی معمولی می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Visual Focus on Improvement of a Throwing Task of Autistic Children
نویسندگان [English]
- Samira Jahanbakhsh 1
- Jale Baqerli 2
- Morteza Taheri 3
1 . M.S Student, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Ghazvin, Iran
چکیده [English]
Autism is one of the major developmental disabilities which make visual imbalance for those who are vulnerable. Research has shown that vision has a key role in all those activities which focus on aiming task. The aim of this study was to investigate the visual focus on improvement of a throwing task of autistic children. 24 boys at the age of 10 were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. Independent t-test and ANVA were used to analyze the data. The results suggested that there was a significant difference between pretest scores in acquisition (p≤0.05). On the other hand, the in experimental group had a better performance in retention phase. . The results suggested that there was a significant difference between pretest scores in acquisition (p≤0.05). On the other hand, the experimental group had a better performance in retention phase. It was concluded that visual affects the throwing task.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- autism
- developmental
- disabilities
- visual
- focus
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