نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری رشد حرکتی، دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی،دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
اختلال هماهنگی رشدی یک اختلال حرکتی است که مهارتهای حرکتی درشت، مهارتهای حرکتی ظریف و هماهنگی حرکتی را درگیر می‌کند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تأثیر یک دوره فعالیت بدنی منتخب بر بهبود مهارت های حرکتی درشت کودکان دختر مبتلا به اختلال هماهنگی رشدی است. روش انجام تحقیق نیمه‌تجربی بود. نمونۀ آماری شامل 30 نفر از دانش‌آموزان مبتلا به اختلال هماهنگی رشدی بودند که براساس پرسشنامۀ محقق‌ساخته و آزمون MABC از بین 400 دانش‌آموزان دختر پایۀ دوم ابتدایی شهرستان شیراز انتخاب شدند. آزمودنی‌ها به‌طور تصادفی پس از انجام پیش‌آزمون با استفاده از آزمون مهارتهای حرکتی درشت اولریخ ویرایش دوم (TGMD 2) به دو گروه همگن 15 نفری به‌عنوان گروه کنترل و تجربی تقسیم شدند. آزمودنی‌های گروه تجربی به مدت 12 جلسه (3 روز در هفته و هر روز به مدت 45 دقیقه ) برنامۀ حرکتی منتخب را انجام دادند؛ در این مدت آزمودنی‌های گروه کنترل به فعالیتهای معمول خود در مدرسه می‌پرداختند. سپس از هر دو گروه پس‌آزمون به‌عمل آمد. به‌منظور تجزیه‌وتحلیل دادهها از آزمون تحلیل واریانس مرکب 2´2 استفاده شد (05/0 P≤). یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داد که اجرای فعالیت بدنی منتخب تأثیر معناداری در بهبود مهارتهای حرکتی درشت کودکان مبتلا به اختلال هماهنگی رشدی داشته است (001/0P = )، بنابراین پیشنهاد می‌شود برای رشد مهارتهای حرکتی درشت و در نتیجه بهبود اختلال هماهنگی رشدی کودکان، در ساعات تربیت بدنی مدارس، فعالیت بدنی منتخب در اختیار معلمان تربیت بدنی قرار گیرد و اجرا شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Effect of a Period of Selected Physical Activity on Improving Gross Motor Skills in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)
نویسندگان [English]
- Somayeh Jokar Tang Karami 1
- Mahmood Sheikh 2
- Fazlollah Bagherzadeh 2
1 PhD Student of Motor Development, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a motor disorder which involves gross and fine motor skills and coordination. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a period of selected physical activity on improving gross motor skills in female children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). In this semi-experimental study, the sample consisted of 30 students with DCD who were selected from 400 female children in second grade of elementary school in Shiraz city by a researcher-made questionnaire and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC). The subjects were divided randomly into control (n=15) and experimental (n=15) groups after the pretest using Ulrich test for gross motor skills version 2000 (TGMD2). The experimental group performed the selected motor program for 12 sessions (3 days a week, 45 minutes per day) while the control group had their normal daily activities. Then, a posttest was held for both groups. The analysis of variance 2´2 was used for data analysis (P≤0.05). The results showed that selected physical activity had a significant effect on improving gross motor skills in children with DCD (P=0.001). Therefore, it is suggested that selected physical activities should be available for teachers and should be performed in physical education courses at schools in order to improve gross motor skills and consequently improve developmental coordination disorder in children
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- developmental disorder
- gross skill
- Spark program
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