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اثر تمرینات شناختی و ایروبیک بر عملکرد شناختی، حرکتی و سطح فاکتور نروتروفیک مشتق شده از مغز در مردان سالمند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

2 .دانشیار، گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه رفتار حرکتی و روان‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران

4 مربی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: فاکتور نروتروفیک مشتق شده از مغز (BDNF) به عنوان یکی از عوامل مرتبط با عملکرد عصبی- عضلانی و عملکرد شناختی می‌باشد که با افزایش سن کاهش می‌یابد. هدف تحقیق حاضر مقایسه تاثیر تمرینات ایروبیک، و شناختی بر سطح تعادل پویا، توجه و سطح BDNF سرمی در مردان سالمند بود. روش کار: در تحقیق نیمه تجربی حاضر 60 مرد سالمند سالم به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در 4 گروه تمرین ایروبیک، تمرین شناختی، ترکیبی (ایروبیک- شناختی) و کنترل تقسیم شدند. تمرینات به مدت هشت هفته، سه جلسه در هفته انجام شدند. از آزمون های تی وابسته و تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه برای بررسی تغییرات درون گروهی و بین گروهی استفاده شد (05/0 ≥P). نتایج: پس از دوره تمرین افزایش معنی داری در BDNF سرمی در گروه های مداخله نسبت به گروه کنترل مشاهده شد (001/0 ≥ P). همچنین افزایش معنی داری در نسبت پاسخ های صحیح بر کل محرک های هدف و غیر هدف و کاهش معنی داری در خطای ارتکاب، خطای حذف و زمان واکنش در گروه های مداخله نسبت به گروه های کنترل مشاهده شد (05/0 > P). همچنین بهبود معنی داری در تعادل پویا در گروه های ایروبیک و ترکیبی نسبت به گروه های کنترل (001/0 > P) و تمرین شناختی (05/0 > P)مشاهده شد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: تمرینات شناختی و ایروبیک با افزایش BDNF موجب بهبود توجه و عملکرد تعادل در سالمندان می شود

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Cognitive and Aerobic Training on Cognitive and Motor Function, and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factors in Elderly Men

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Dana 1
  • Zynalabedin Fallah 2
  • Jalil Moradi 3
  • Akbar Ghalavand 4

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Motor Behaviour and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran

4 Instructor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Payame noor, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction and aims: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) as one of the factors associated with neuromuscular performance and cognitive function is reduced with increasing age. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of aerobic and cognitive training on the dynamic balance, attention and serum BDNF levels in elderly men. Methods: In a quasi-experimental study, 60 healthy elderly men were selected through the purposeful sampling and were randomly divided into 4 groups including aerobic training, cognitive training, combinational training (cognitive aerobics) (cognitive training), and control. Training was performed during eight weeks at three sessions per week. T-test and one way ANOVA were used to analyze the data (P≤0.05). Results: at the end of the period, a significant increase was observed in BDNF serum in the intervention group compared to the control group (P ≥0.001). Also, there was a significant increase in the ratio of the correct response on the target and non-target stimuli. In addition, a significant decrease was observed in commission errors and omission errors, and reaction time in intervention groups compared to control groups (P<0.05). It can be added that the significant improvement was observed in dynamic balance in aerobic and combination groups compared to the control (P<0.001) and cognitive training (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cognitive and aerobic training lead to improving the attention and balance performance in the elderly with increasing BDNF, and it is better to use a combination of physical and cognitive training for the elderly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aerobic training
  • Cognitive Training
  • balance
  • attention
  • Elderly
  • BDNF
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رشد و یادگیری حرکتی ورزشی
دوره 10، شماره 4
بهمن 1397
صفحه 537-552
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سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 بهمن 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 02 دی 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 10 آذر 1397
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