نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 دکتری رفتار حرکتی، مدرس دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

2 استادیار رفتار حرکتی، دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد روان‌شناسی ورزشی، مؤسسۀ غیرانتفاعی ادیب مازندران، ساری، ایران

چکیده

یکی از موضوعات مورد علاقۀ پژوهشگران رفتار حرکتی، بررسی تأثیرات متفاوت راهبردهای توجهی بر رفتار حرکتی و فعالیت مغزی است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش دستورالعمل‌های توجهی بر تغییرات موج آلفا و تتا و دقت پرتاب دارت است. بدین‌منظور 20 دانشجوی پسر مبتدی در دارت (22-19 ساله) به‌طور داوطلبانه انتخاب شدند. پژوهش از نوع کاربردی است. ابتدا شرکت‌کنندگان 10 کوشش پرتاب دارت را در حالت پایه (بدون دستورالعمل توجهی) انجام دادند. سپس به‌صورت کانتربالانس در مجموع 20 کوشش تمرینی پرتاب دارت را در دو شرایط راهبردهای توجهی بیرونی و درونی اجرا کردند. در تمامی کوشش‌ها با استفاده از دستگاه بیوفیدبک موج آلفا و تتای مغزی آزمودنی‌ها ثبت شد و برای اندازه‌گیری دقت از فرمول خطای شعاعی استفاده شد. داده‌ها به‌وسیلۀ آزمون تحلیل واریانس درون‌گروهی با اندازه‌گیری تکراری و آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی در سطح معناداری 05/0 انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که راهبرد توجه بیرونی در مقایسه با راهبرد توجه درونی سبب افزایش دقت پرتاب دارت (0001/0P=، افزایش طول موج آلفا (01/0P=) و کاهش موج تتا (01/0P=) می‌شود. این یافته‌ها، ضرورت استفاده از دستورالعمل‌های توجهی به‌خصوص توجه بیرونی را در تکلیف مهارت هدف‌گیری در سطح مبتدی نشان داد؛ بنابراین پیشنهاد می‌شود که مربیان از راهبرد توجه بیرونی برای بهبود دقت و اطلاعات مغزی در افراد مبتدی استفاده کنند

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Attention Instructions on Alpha and Theta Wave Variations and Throw Accuracy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Massoumeh Ali Asghari Toyeh 1
  • Mozhgan Memarmoghaddam 2
  • Mitra Mohammadi 3

1 PhD of Motor Behavior, Lecturer of Faculty of Sport Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

3 MSc of Sport Psychology, Adib Mazandaran Nonprofit Institute, Sari, Iran

چکیده [English]

One of the topics of interest to motor behavior researchers is to examine the different effects of attention strategies on motor behavior and brain activity.The aim of this study was to investigate the role of attention instructions on alpha and theta wave variations and the accuracy of dart throwing. 20 male students novice in dart (age range 19-22 years old) were voluntarily selected. This study was application. Firstly, the participants performed 10 attempts of dart throwing in the baseline (no attention instructions). Then, as a counterbalance, 20 practice attempts were performed in both the external and internal attention strategies. In all attempts, the alpha and theta brain waves of the subjects were recorded using biofeedback device and the radial error formula was used to measure accuracy. The data were analyzed by in-group variance analysis with repeated measures and Bonferroni post hoc test at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that the external attention strategy increased the accuracy of the dart throwing (P=0.0001), increased alpha wavelength (P=0.01) and reduced theta wave (P=0.01) in comparison with the internal attention strategy. These findings showed the need to use attention instructions particularly external attention in targeting skill task at a beginner level; therefore, it is suggested that coaches should use external attention strategy to improve the accuracy and intelligence of the brain in beginners.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Alpha wave
  • external attention
  • internal attention
  • theta wave
  • throw accuracy
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