نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 . استادیار روان‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت ‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناسی‌ارشد روان‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت‌ بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تمرکز یا توانایی تمرکز بر روی تکلیف در دست درحالی‌که حواس‌پرتی‌ها نادیده گرفته شوند، عامل حیاتی برای عملکرد موفق در ورزش است. هدف اصلی این تحقیق، مطالعۀ اثر تمرینات نوروفیدبک و ذهن‌آگاهی بر عملکرد پیوستۀ دیداری ورزشکاران جوان بود. بدین‌منظور، تعداد 45 ورزشکار رشتۀ فوتبال 16 تا 20 سالۀ حاضر در لیگ‌های کشوری در سال 1396 در سه گروه مداخلۀ تمرینات نوروفیدبک پروتکل آلفا/تتا، مداخلۀ تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی و کنترل قرار گرفتند. ورزشکاران گروه نوروفیدبک، 12 جلسۀ (6 هفته 2 جلسه‌ای) 30 دقیقه‌ای تمرین نوروفیدبک با پروتکل کاهش موج آلفا و افزایش موج تتا و گروه ذهن‌آگاهی، 12 جلسۀ (6 هفتۀ 2 جلسه‌ای) 30 دقیقه‌ای تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی برای ورزشکاران را دریافت کردند. قبل و بعد از مداخلۀ آزمون از عملکرد پیوستۀ دیداری استفاده شد. در گروه کنترل هیچ مداخله‌ای انجام نگرفت. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل واریانس مختلط و تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر که در سطح معناداری 05/0 انجام گرفت، بیانگر بهبودی معنادار در همۀ ابعاد آزمون عملکرد پیوستۀ دیداری (خطای حذف، خطای ارائه و زمان واکنش) در گروه نوروفیدبک و ذهن‌آگاهی نسبت به گروه کنترل بود. همچنین نتایج بیانگر آن است که تفاوت معناداری بین دو گروه نوروفیدبک و ذهن‌آگاهی در ابعاد آزمون عملکرد پیوستۀ دیداری وجود ندارد. نتایج این تحقیق حاکی از کارایی تمرینات نوروفیدبک آلفا/تتا و تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی به‌عنوان تمرینات بهبود عملکرد پیوستۀ دیداری در مقایسه با گروه کنترل در ورزشکاران جوان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of Neurofeedback and Mindfulness on Visual Continuous Performance of Young Soccer Players

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hassan Gharayagh Zandi 1
  • Seyed Mohammad Zadkhosh 2

1 Assistant Professor in Sport Psychology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 MSc in Sport Psychology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Concentration, or the ability to focus on the task at hand while ignoring distractions, is a vital determinant of successful performance in sport. The main aim of this study was to examine the effects of neurofeedback and mindfulness interventions on visual continuous performance in young athletes. 45 soccer players (age range of 16 - 20 years) who attended the National Leagues in 2017 were assigned to three groups (alpha/theta neurofeedback intervention, mindfulness intervention, and control). Athletes in neurofeedback group received 12 sessions (2 sessions per week, 30 minutes per session) of neurofeedback training with high alpha/low theta protocol and athletes in mindfulness group received 12 sessions (2 sessions per week, 30 minutes per session) of mindfulness meditation. Before and after interventions, visual continuous performance test was used. The control group received no interventions. The results of mixed ANOVA and ANOVA with repeated measures at significance level of 0.05 showed a significant improvement in all dimensions of visual continuous performance test (omission error, commission error, and reaction time) in neurofeedback and mindfulness groups compared with the control group. Also, the results indicated no significant differences between neurofeedback and mindfulness groups in the dimensions of the visual continuous performance test. The results of this study indicated the effectiveness of alpha/theta neurofeedback training and mindfulness training as visual continuous performance improvement training compared with the control group in young athletes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • concentration
  • mindfulness
  • neurofeedback
  • visual continuous performance
  • young soccer players
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