نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 .دکتری تخصصی گروه روانشناسی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران

2 . استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران

3 . دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران

4 . دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،شهرکرد، ایران.

چکیده

مشکلات رفتاری و هیجانی از شایع‌ترین مسائل روان‌شناختی دوران کودکی و نوجوانی است. شواهد نشان می‌دهد میزان مشکلات رفتاری در میان کودکان کم‌توان ذهنی در مقایسه با کودکان عادی بیشتر است. بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین اثربخشی مداخله بهنگام والد محور مبتنی بر بازی درمانی بومی‌سازی ‌شده بر مشکلات رفتاری کودکان کم‌توان ذهنی آموزش‌پذیر 7-5 سال انجام گرفت. این پژوهش از نوع آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون- پس آزمون و پیگیری با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل 128 نفر از کودکان کم‌توان ذهنی آموزش‌پذیر بود که در سال 1397 در مراکز استثنایی شهرستان لردگان مشغول به تحصیل بودند. از بین آن‌ها به روش تصادفی 30 نفر انتخاب و در دو گروه 15 نفره(آزمایش و کنترل) گمارده شدند. پرسشنامه مشکلات رفتاری راتر، به عنوان پیش آزمون بر روی دو گروه اجرا شد. سپس والدین گروه آزمایشی در 12 جلسه تحت برنامه مداخله‌ا‌ی بازی درمانی بومی‌سازی شده قرار گرفتند و والدین گروه کنترل مداخله‌ای را دریافت نکردند. پس از اتمام دوره مداخله و 3 ماه بعد، آزمون مشکلات رفتاری راتر بار دیگر بر روی دو گروه به ترتیب بعنوان پس‌آزمون و پیگیری اجراشد. دادها با استفاده از روش آماری تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر، تجزیه و تحلیل گردید. یافته‌ها نشان داد که بین عملکرد دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل در میزان مشکلات رفتاری تفاوت معنی‌دار آماری(001/0>p) وجود دارد. بنابراین می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که برنامه مداخله بازی درمانی بومی‌سازی شده بر کاهش مشکلات رفتاری کودکان کم‌توان ذهنی مؤثر بوده و ماندگاری برنامه مداخله‌ پس از 3 ماه پابرجا مانده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Parent- Centered Intervention Based on Localized Play Therapy Model on Behavioral Problems of Intellectual Disability Children 5 to 7 Years

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Aghayinejad 1
  • Maryam Chorami 2
  • Ahmad Ghaznfari 3
  • Tayebeh Sharifi 4

1 Department of Psychology, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.

2 Department of Psychology, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.

3 PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Iran

4 Department of Psychology, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Behavioral and emotional problems are one of the most common psychological problems in childhood and adolescence. Evidence suggests that behavioral problems are more prevalent among intellectual disability children than normal children. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a parent-centered intervention based on localized play therapy on behavioral problems of 5-7 years old intellectual disability children. This study was experimental with pretest-posttest design and follow-up with control group. The statistical population consisted of 128 educable intellectual disability children who were educated in special centers in Lordegan in 1397. Thirty people were selected randomly and assigned to two groups of 15 (experimental and control). Rutter Behavioral Problems Questionnaire was administered to two groups as pre-test. Then, the experimental group's parents received a 12-session localized game therapy intervention and the parents of the control group did not receive the intervention. At the end of the intervention period and 3 months later, Rutter's Behavioral Problems Test was again administered to the two groups as posttest and follow up, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measures. Results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the performance of the two experimental and control groups in the rate of behavioral problems (p <0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that the localized play therapy intervention program has been effective in reducing the behavioral problems of intellectual disability children and the survival of the intervention program remained after 3 month.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Play therapy"
  • "localized"
  • "intellectual disability"
  • "behavioral problems"
  • "early intervention"
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