نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آموزش تربیت بدنی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 . دانشیار، گروه رشد حرکتی و آموزش تربیت بدنی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه رشد حرکتی و آموزش تربیت بدنی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

کودکان پیش از دبستان در مطلوب‌ترین زمان برای رشد مهارت‌های حرکتی درشت و ظریف هستند. یکپارچگی بینایی-حرکتی مهارت ادراکی-حرکتی مهمی است که کودکان به‌منظور کسب کارکرد موفقیت‌آمیز قبل از ورود به مدرسه به آن نیاز دارند. در تحقیق حاضر اثر سه برنامۀ مداخله‌ای حرکتی (درشت، ظریف و درشت-ظریف) روی یکپارچگی بینایی-حرکتی 80 کودکی بررسی شد که نمرات مهارت‌های یکپارچگی بینایی-حرکتی کمتر از میانگین داشتند. از بین شرکت‌کنندگان سه گروه تجربی (60 نفر) و یک گروه کنترل (20 نفر) به‌طور تصادفی انتخاب شدند. گروه‌های تجربی در 12 هفته و هر هفته 3 جلسۀ 45 دقیقه‌ای در برنامة مداخله‌ای شرکت کردند. نسخۀ ششم آزمون رشد یکپارچگی بینایی-حرکتی بیری-باکتنیکا برای اندازه‌گیری مهارت‌های یکپارچگی بینایی-حرکتی آزمودنی‌ها استفاده شد. تحلیل واریانس مرکب با اندازه‌های تکراری و آزمون تعقیبی حداقل تفاوت معنا‌داری برای تحلیل اثرات برنامه‌های مداخله حرکتی استفاده شد (05/0P<). نتایج میانگین نمرات پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون تفاوت معنا‌داری بین گروه‌های تجربی و کنترل نشان داد (044/0=P، 831/2=(76،3)F). نتایج آزمون تعقیبی نشان داد که بین گروه‌های برنامۀ مداخلۀ حرکتی ظریف و درشت-ظریف با گروه کنترل تفاوت آماری معنا‌داری وجود دارد (به‌ترتیب 014/0=P و 038/0=P). بنابراین برنامۀ مداخله حرکتی ظریف هم به‌تنهایی و هم با ترکیب مهارت‌های حرکتی درشت به بهبود یکپارچگی بینایی-حرکتی در کودکان پیش‌دبستانی منجر می‌شود. نتایج این مطالعه پیشنهاد می‌کند که معلمان مهدکودک و پیش‌دبستانی باید برنامۀ مداخلۀ حرکتی هدفمند شامل مهارت‌های حرکتی ظریف و درشت را برای بهبود یکپارچگی بینایی-حرکتی کودکان قبل از ورود رسمی به مدرسه به‌کار ببرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

*The Effect of a Gross and Fine Motor Intervention Program on Visual-Motor Integration in 4 to 6 Years Old Children

نویسندگان [English]

  • Attieh Miranzadeh Mahabadi 1
  • Elahe Erabameri 2
  • Fazlolah Bagherzadeh 2
  • Davood Homaniyan 3

2 Department of motor development and physical education, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

3 UT

چکیده [English]

Children in preschool are at an optimal time for the development of gross and fine motor skills. Visual-motor integration is an important perceptual-motor skill that children need to acquire in order to function successfully before formal schooling commences. In this study were investigated the effect of three motor intervention programs (gross, fine, & gross-fine)on visual-motor integration in 80 children who presented below average VMI skills scores. From these participants three experimental (n=60)and a control group (n=20)were randomly selected. The experimental groups participated in a 12 week intervention program of three 45 minutes sessions per week. The Beery-Buktenica developmental test of visual-motor integration 6th edition was used to measure the participants VMI skills. Mixed ANOVA with repeated measures and LSD post hoc test was used to analyze effects of motor intervention programs 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Intervention program
  • children
  • Gross skills
  • Fine skills
  • Visual-motor integration
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