نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 دکتری رفتار حرکتی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار رفتار حرکتی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

3 استاد روان‌شناسی بالینی، گروه روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی اثر توانبخشی شناختی بر مهارت‌های پایۀ بنیادی کودکان مبتلا به اختلال هماهنگی رشدی بود. روش پژوهش نیمه‌تجربی بود و از طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون با کنترل استفاده شد. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش کودکان 6 تا 10 سالۀ شهر خنج بودند. برای این منظور،40 کودک مبتلا به اختلال هماهنگی رشدی به روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای و براساس ملاک‌های ورود و خروج به‌عنوان افراد گروه نمونه انتخاب شدند و به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه تجربی (20 نفر) و کنترل (20 نفر) قرار گرفتند. تحریک الکتریکی در 24 جلسه و هر جلسه به مدت 20 دقیقه با شدت یک میلی‌آمپر روی ناحیۀ F3 و F4 بر روی گروه‌های تحقیق انجام گرفت. ابزار مورد استفاده در پژوهش شامل پرسشنامۀ اختلال هماهنگی رشدی (DCDQ7)، آزمون ارزیابی حرکتی برای کودکان (MABC-2)، آزمون رشد مهارت‌های حرکتی درشت اولریخ (TGMD-2) و آزمون هوش ریون بود. تجزیه‌وتحلیل اطلاعات از طریق آزمون لوین، کولموگروف-اسمیرنوف و تحلیل کوواریانس در سطح معناداری 05/0 انجام گرفت. یافته‌ها نشان داد که تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم فراجمجمه‌ای مغز (tDCS) بر افزایش مهارت‌های حرکتی جابه‌جایی (92/0=Eta،001/0P=،84/461F=)، کنترل ‌شیء (90/0=Eta،001/0P=،15/351F=) و بهرۀ حرکتی کلی (94/0=Eta،001/0P=، 21/597F=) تأثیر معناداری دارد. این روش به‌عنوان درمان غیردارویی می‌تواند در این افراد اســتفاده شود و در بهبود مهارت‌های پایۀ بنیادی که از مشـــکلات مهم افراد دارای این اختلال است، مفید و مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Cognitive Rehabilitation on Fundamental Motor Skills of Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Quasi-Experimental study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ayoub Hashemi 1
  • Robabeh Rostami 2
  • Habib Hadianfard 3

1 Department of motor behavior, Faculty of physical education & sport science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

3 Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive rehabilitation on Fundamental motor skills of children with DCD. The method of the present study was quasi-experimental, a pre- posttest design with experimental, and control groups. The statistical population of the study was 6 to 10 year old children in khonj city. For this purpose, 40 children with developmental coordination disorders were selected by cluster sampling method based on entry and exit criteria as members of the sample group and were randomly divided into experimental (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups. Electrical stimulation was performed in 24 sessions and each session for 20 minutes with an intensity of one mA on the F3 and F4 regions on the study groups. The instruments used in this study included the DCD Questionnaire (DCDQ7), Movement Assessment Battery for Children - Second Edition (MABC-2), the Ulrich Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2) and the Raven Intelligence Test. Data analysis was performed by Levin, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and analysis of covariance at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) have a significant effect on increasing locomotor movement skills (F = 461.84, P = 0.001, Eta = 0.92), object control (F = 351.15, P = 0.001, Eta = 0.90,) and total motor skills (F = 597.21, P = 0.001, Eta = 0.94). This method can be useful and effective in improving Fundamental motor Skills, which is one of the major problems of these children.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Children
  • Cognitive Rehabilitation
  • Developmental coordination disorder
  • Electrical stimulation
  • Motor skills
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