نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I
نویسندگان
1 . استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دان شگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و فناوری پردیس، تهران،ایران
2 استاد، گروه یادگیری و کنترل حرکتی، دانشکدة تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه یادگیری و کنترل حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی،دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
4 دانشیار، گروه یادگیری و کنترل حرکتی، دانشکدة تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
5 استادیار، گروه آسیب شناسی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی وعلوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
مطالعات رفتاری تکالیف نقطه‌یابی حرکتی در ورزش معمولا توسط عوامل پویا مانند وضعیت دفاعی حریف، بررسی می‌شوند. هندبالیست برای پرتاب کردن توپ به سمت دروازه در وضعیت‌های مختلف، باید گام‌هایش را هماهنگ کند. در پژوهش حاضر الگوهای حرکتی در رفتارهای نقطه‌یابی حرکتی 12 هندبالیست مرد نخبه تحت قیود دفاعی (عدم حضور دفاع، حضور دفاع دور، حضور دفاع نزدیک یا حضور دفاع یارگیر) تحلیل شد. با یک دوربین سریع با نرخ 120 هرتز، داده های الگوهای حرکتی حمله‌کننده ها را جمع آوری کردیم. تحلیل واریانس با اندازه های تکراری و آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی برای تحلیل تأثیر این قیود روی پارامترهای دویدن استفاده شد(P<0/05). نتایج تفاوت آماری معنی داری را در میانگین سرعت افقی کل بدن، میانگین سرعت گام اول و دوم و میانگین طول گام اول و دوم در شرایط دفاعی مختلف نشان داد. برای میانگین تغییرپذیری فاصله پا تا محوطه دروازه الگوی تغییرپذیری افزایشی-کاهشی در همه شرایط دفاعی دیده شد. از آنجاییکه تنظیم بازیکنان حمله کننده بصورت مداوم و بر اساس ادراک رفتارهای موجود و مورد نیاز بود، نتایج از جفت شدن ادراک – عمل و مدل‌های کنترل مورد انتظار نقطه‌یابی حرکتی حمایت می‌کند. همچنین پیشنهاد می‌‌شود که جنبه‌‌های تکنیکی دویدن و پرتاب کردن در هندبال می‌‌تواند توسط قیود تکلیف تودرتو تأثیر پذیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of Constraints of Defense on Locomotors Pointing Behaviors in Elite Handball Player
نویسندگان [English]
- Mohammadali Esmaeilzadeh 1
- Mehdi Shahbazi 2
- Ali Akbar Jaberimoghaddam 3
- Shahzad Tahmasebi 4
- Elham Shirzad 5
1 .Assistant professor, Department of physical education and sport sciences, Islamic Azad University Innovation and Technological Pardis Branch , Tehran, Iran
2 Professor Of motor behavior, faculty of physical education and sport science, university of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant professor, Department of motor control and learning, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate professor, Department of motor control and learning, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
5 Assistant professor, Department of Sport Medicine and Health, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Behavioral studies in team sports are typically constrained by dynamic factors, such as positioning of defenders for interception. Handball player have to coordinate their steps when running to throw a ball on goal from a different positions. In this study were analyzed the movement patterns during locomotors pointing, throwing velocity and accuracy of 12 succesful elite handball players under defensive constraints (defender- absent, defender-far, defender-near, or defender pairing). It was captured data from the locomotors patterns of the attacking participant by speed camera with 120Hz, throwing speed by sports radar gun and throwing accuracy by camera. ANOVA with repeated measures and Bonferroni post hoc test and Friedman test was used to analyze effects of these constraints on gait and throwing parameters. In addition to Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient test was used to analyze speed-accuracy trade off (P<0.05). The results revealed significant differences in overall mean movement velocity, first and second step mean velocity, first and second step mean length. For the mean foot/gate area distance variability was shown pattern of ascending/descending variability in all defense conditions. Since regulation of offensive players was continuous and based on perception of current and required behaviors, results supported from perception-action coupling and prospective control models of locomotors pointing. Also it is suggested that the technical aspects of the running and throwing in handball can affect by nested tasks constraints.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Affordance
- Perception-Action Coupling
- Ecological Constraints
- Locomotors Pointing
- Handball
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