رابطۀ بین فراهم سازهای رشد حرکتی در محیط خانه و کارکردهای اجرایی کودکان 8 تا 10 ساله روستایی (با رویکرد تاثیر بافت محیط زندگی)

فتحی رضائی, زهرا; خداداده, الهام; زمانی ثانی, سید حجت

doi:10.22059/jsmdl.2023.335373.1632

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

¹ گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

² گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران .

³ گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز ، ایران .

https://doi.org/10.22059/jsmdl.2023.335373.1632

چکیده

مقدمه: شواهد پژوهشی حاکی از آن است که محیط عاملی مهم در بهبود تحول کودکان است. با این حال تحقیقات اندکی در جامعۀ کودکان روستایی در زمینۀ تأثیر فراهم‌سازی حرکتی بر توانایی‌های شناختی انجام گرفته است. ازاین‌رو هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی ارتباط فراهم‌سازهای محیط رشدی کودکان روستایی در توانمندسازی کارکردهای اجرایی آنان بود.
روش پژوهش: تحقیق حاضر از نوع پس‌رویدادی به روش همبستگی بود که به‌صورت میدانی و با هدف کاربردی بودن انجام گرفت‌. جامعۀ آماری تحقیق، کودکان دبستانی 8 تا 10 سالۀ (با میانگین 9/10 سال) استان آذربایجان شرقی بودند و نمونۀ تحقیق، 93 نفر از این کودکان بودند که به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای انتخاب شدند و در تحقیق شرکت کردند. به‌منظور سنجش فراهم‌سازی رشد حرکتی در محیط خانه از پرسشنامۀ‌ فراهم‌سازهای رشد حرکتی درشت و برای سنجش کارکردهای اجرایی از آزمون بریف استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: بر اساس یافته‌های آزمون رگرسیون خطی چندگانه، بین فراهم‌سازهای رشد حرکتی و بازداری (0/042=P) و نیز بین فراهم‌سازهای رشد حرکتی و آغازگری (0/008=P) در کودکان 8 تا 10 ساله، رابطۀ مثبت و معنا‌داری مشاهده شد. همچنین بر اساس یافته‌ها، بین فراهم‌سازهای رشد حرکتی اعم از تحریک‌کننده‌ها، محیط خانه و اسباب‌بازی‌های حرکتی و سایر مؤلفه‌های کارکردهای اجرایی رابطۀ معناداری مشاهده نشد.
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس نتایج تحقیق حاضر، محیط زندگی کودکان عاملی مهم در پیش‌بینی مؤلفه‌هایی از کارکردهای اجرایی آنان است. بر همین اساس، پیشنهاد می‌شود که در دوران کودکی، به‌منظور بهبود کارکردهای اجرایی، کودکان در محیط‌های غنی‌تری (از لحاظ وجود فراهم‌سازهایی همچون اسباب‌بازی‌های حرکتی) قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship Between Motor Development Affordances in the Home Environment and Executive Functions of 8 to 10-Year-Old Rural Children (With the Approach of the Effect of the Living Environmental Context)

نویسندگان [English]

Zahra Fathirezaie ¹
Elham Khodadadeh ²
Seyed Hojjat Zamani Sani ³

¹ Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

² Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences , University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

³ Department of Motor Behavior , Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Research evidence indicates that the environment is an important factor in improving children's development. However, little research has been done in the rural children population regarding the effect of motor affordances on cognitive abilities. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the developmental environment affordances of rural children and their executive functions enhancement.
Methods: The present research was an ex-post facto correlational study, which was conducted as field research with applied research purposes. The statistical population of this study was 8 to 10-year-old primary school children (Mean age = 9.10) of East Azerbaijan province from which 93 children were selected through random cluster sampling method as the study samples to participate in the study. To measure the motor development affordances in the home environment, the AGMDQ-1, and to measure the executive functions, BRIEF test were used.
Results: Based on the results of the multiple linear regression test, a positive significant relationship was observed between motor affordances and inhibition (P=0.042) and between motor affordances and initiation (P=0.008) in 8 to 10-year-old children. Also based on the results, no significant relationship was observed between motor development affordances including stimulants, home environment and active toys, and other components of executive functions (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present research, children's living environment is an important factor in predicting the components of their executive functions. Accordingly, it is suggested that to improve executive functions during childhood, children should be in richer environments (in terms of the presence of affordances such as active toys).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Affordances
Executive Functions
Children
Rustic
Home Environment

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