رشد و یادگیری حرکتی ورزشی

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اثر پیچیدگی تکلیف بر انتقال دوسویه در افراد سالمند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 گروه رفتار حرکتی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 گروه رفتار حرکتی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدة علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

3 گروه رفتار حرکتی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدة علوم ورزشی ، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تعیین اثر پیچیدگی تکلیف بر انتقال دوسویه در افراد سالمند بود.
روش پژوهش: در این پژوهش 30 سالمند سالم مرد و زن با میانگین سنی 7/40± 68/5 سال به شکل در دسترس، شرکت کردند. مشارکت‌کنندگان در مرحلة پیش‌آزمون سه نوع تکلیف مهارت انگشتی متفاوت از نظر پیچیدگی شامل تخته‌میخ پردو، چابکی اکانر و تخته‌میخ پردو در آینه را با دست برتر و غیربرتر خود انجام دادند. سپس یکی از تکالیف را شش بار با دست برتر تمرین و در نهایت در مرحلۀ پس‌آزمون و یادداری نیز تکلیف را با دست برتر و غیربرتر خود انجام دادند. بین پس‌آزمون و یادداری تکلیف اول تا شروع تمرین تکلیف دوم یک هفته فاصله بود. زمان انجام هر تکلیف نسبت به زمان انجام تکلیف در پیش‌آزمون نرمال‌سازی و درصد پیشرفت نسبت به این وضعیت در تکرارهای مختلف محاسبه شد. به‌منظور تحلیل نتایج از آزمون تحلیل واریانس یکراهه و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون استفاده شد (0/05≥P).
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان‌ داد طی مرحلة پس‌آزمون و یادداری تفاوت معناداری در میزان پیشرفت دست غیربرتر در اجرای مهارت انگشتی با پیچیدگی مختلف بین آزمون پردو و پردو در آینه و همچنین بین آزمون پردو و اکانر، وجود داشت. همچنین بین کل زمان تمرین و میزان پیشرفت دست غیربرتر در تکلیف پردو و بین میزان پیشرفت دست برتر و غیربرتر در آزمون پردو و پردو در آینه همبستگی معناداری وجود داشت.
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌نظر می‌رسد در افراد مسن سازوکار‌های جبرانی عامل ایجاد انتقال دوسویه در تکالیف پیچیده‌اند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Task Complexity on Bilateral Transfer in Older Adults

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fereshte Hemmatizad 1
  • Mehdi Rafei Boroujeni 2
  • Hamid Salehi 3

1 MA of Motor Behavior, Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

2 Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

3 Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran .

چکیده [English]

Introduction: This research aimed to determine the effect of task complexity on bilateral transfer in older adults.
Methods: Thirty healthy elderly men and women, with a mean age of 68.5±7.4 years, were selected using a convenience sampling method. In the pretest phase, participants performed three types of finger dexterity tasks of different complexity, including the Purdue Pegboard Test, O'Connor Dexterity Test, and the Mirror Purdue Pegboard Test with dominant and non-dominant hands. They then practiced one of the tasks six times with their dominant hand. Finally, in the post-test and retention phase, they performed the task again with their dominant and non-dominant hands. There was a week interval between the post-test and retention test of the first task and the beginning of the second task practice. The time to complete each task was normalized compared to the time to complete the task in the pre-test phase and the percentage of progress was calculated concerning this situation in different iterations.  One-way Analysis of Variance and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient were used to analyze the data (P≤0.05).
Results: The findings of the research showed that during the post-test and retention phase, there was a significant difference between the Purdue Pegboard Test and the Mirror Purdue Pegboard Test and also between the O'Connor Dexterity Test and the Purdue Pegboard Test in the non-dominant hand progress in performing finger dexterity skills with different complexity. Also, there was a significant correlation between the total practice time and the progress rate of the non-dominant hand in the Purdue task, and also between the progress rate of the dominant and non-dominant hands in the Purdue Pegboard Test and Mirror Purdue Pegboard Test.
Conclusion: It seems that for older adults, compensatory mechanisms are involved in bilateral transfer in complex tasks.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dominant hand
  • Interlimb transfer
  • Nondominant hand. Older adults
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رشد و یادگیری حرکتی ورزشی
دوره 16، شماره 4
دی 1403
صفحه 39-52
فایل ها
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  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 دی 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 فروردین 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 فروردین 1403
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