رشد و یادگیری حرکتی ورزشی

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تأثیر خطای ادراک بینایی بر یادگیری مهارت پرتاب دارت در افراد مبتدی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 گروه رفتار حرکتی و روانشناسی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران.

2 گروه رفتار حرکتی و روان شناسی ورزش، دانشکده علوم ورزشی ، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: بینایی یکی از حواس بسیار مهم در یادگیری مهارت­های حرکتی است و در این رابطه نقش خطای ادراک بینایی از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است، لذا این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر خطای ادراک بینایی در یادگیری مهارت پرتاب دارت در افراد مبتدی انجام شد.
روش پژوهش: شرکت‌کنندگان شامل 20 نفر از نوجوانان با میانگین سنی 17 سال بودند که به‌صورت نمونه‌گیری در دسترس از جامعه دانش آموزان دوره متوسطه دوم انتخاب شدند. شرکت‌کنندگان پس از اجرای پیش­آزمون به دو گروه تجربی (دارت تغییریافته با خطای ادراک بینایی) و کنترل (دارت معمولی) تقسیم شدند. هر دو گروه 10 جلسه تمرین انجام دادند. بلافاصله پس از جلسات تمرینی، پس‌آزمون و 2 ساعت بعد از پس‌آزمون، آزمون یادداری و انتقال فوری و یک هفته بعد، آزمون یادداری و انتقال تأخیری برگزار شد. برای تحلیل داده­ها از آزمون تحلیل واریانس مرکب و آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی استفاده شد.
یافته ­ها: نتایج نشان داد که در هر دو گروه تجربی و کنترل پیشرفت معناداری در اجرای مهارت دارت از پیش‌آزمون تا پس‌آزمون مشاهده شد (0/05 >p). اما مقایسه گروه تجربی و کنترل نشان داد که در تمام مراحل اکتساب، یادداری و انتقال بین دو گروه تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد.
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌طورکلی نتایج نشان داد که ادراک بزرگ‌تر هدف تأثیری بر اجرا و یادگیری مهارت دارت ندارد و احتمالاً دستگاه کنترل حرکتی را تحت تأثیر قرار نمی‌دهد. پیشنهاد می‌شود در پژوهش­های بعدی تأثیر خطای ادراک بینایی در شرایط جدیدی تحت بررسی قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Visual Illusion on Learning Dart Throwing Skills in Beginners

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Rahzani 1
  • Jalil Moradi 2

1 Department of Motor behavior and sports psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran

2 Department of Motor Behavior and Sport psychology , Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Vision is one of the most important senses in learning motor skills, and in this regard, the role of visual illusion is very important; therefore, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of visual illusion on learning dart-throwing skills in beginners.
Methods: The participants included 20 teenagers with an average age of 17 years, who were selected through convenience sampling from the population of secondary school students. After the pre-test, the participants were assigned to two groups: experimental (modified darts with visual illusion) and control (normal darts). Both groups performed 10 practice sessions. Immediately after the practice sessions, the post-test was administered; two hours after the post-test, the immediate retention and transfer tests were conducted; and one week later, the delayed retention and transfer tests were carried out. For data analysis, mixed-design analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc test were used.
Results: The results showed that in both the experimental and control groups, a significant improvement was observed in dart-throwing performance from the pre-test to the post-test (p < 0.05). However, comparison between the experimental and control groups showed no significant difference between the two groups in all phases of acquisition, retention, and transfer.
Conclusion: In general, the results showed that perceiving the target as larger does not affect the performance and learning of dart-throwing skills and probably does not influence the motor control system. It is suggested that the effect of visual illusion needs to be investigated under new conditions in future research.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dart Throwing
  • Visual Illusion
  • Adolescents
  • Motor Learning
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رشد و یادگیری حرکتی ورزشی
دوره 17، شماره 4
دی 1404
صفحه 39-52
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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